2021.12.14 國際新聞導讀-以色列外長拉彼得訪問埃及並歸還走私的埃及文物、以色列政府反對猶太屯墾民暴力結果受到右翼政黨攻擊、俄羅斯表示北約在烏克蘭的活動讓俄羅斯感覺不安全、土耳其總統支持率受到貨幣本年大貶45％及經濟不振而受到影響

蘇老師講解國際新聞、中東與中亞歷史、中國事務、太空知識的頻道。 Diplomat's daily news review and history research on Middle East and Central Asia, China Affairs and Space Exploration

2021.12.14 國際新聞導讀-以色列外長拉彼得訪問埃及並歸還走私的埃及文物、以色列政府反對猶太屯墾民暴力結果受到右翼政黨攻擊、俄羅斯表示北約在烏克蘭的活動讓俄羅斯感覺不安全、土耳其總統支持率受到貨幣本年大貶45％及經濟不振而受到影響
在埃及，拉皮德和文物負責人歸還了走私到以色列的 95 件古代文物
外長會見塞西總統後向對方表示善意，將石碑、紙莎草紙、偶像和其他被盜文物帶回開羅
通過拉扎爾·伯曼 2021 年 12 月 9 日，晚上 8:54
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以色列古物管理局局長 Eli Escozido (L) 旁觀，以色列外交部長 Yair Lapid (CL) 向埃及外交部長 Sameh Shoukry (CR) 贈送埃及文物，這些文物被走私到以色列並返回埃及，他們在解放宮會面2021 年 12 月 9 日在開羅。 (Mohamed HOSSAM / AFP)
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2021 年 12 月 9 日，外交部長 Yair Lapid 和 IAA 負責人 Eli Eskozido 將 95 件被盜文物中的一些歸還埃及（Yoli Schwartz/IAA）
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IAA 負責人 Eli Eskozido（左）和 IAA 搶劫預防部門負責人 Amir Ganor 檢查 Eskozido 和外交部長 Yair Lapid（Yoli Schwartz/IAA）返回埃及的被掠奪的埃及文物
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2021 年 12 月 9 日，埃及外交部長亞伊爾·拉皮德（左）在開羅解放宮會晤期間，向埃及外交部長薩梅赫·舒克里（右）展示了被盜的埃及文物，這些文物被走私到以色列並返回埃及。（穆罕默德·霍薩姆 / 法新社)
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外交部長亞伊爾·拉皮德 (Yair Lapid) 週四向埃及外長薩梅赫·舒克里 (Sameh Shoukry) 贈送了數十件非法走私到以色列的埃及文物。
拉皮德在與總統阿卜杜勒-法塔赫 el-Sissi 首次會談後在開羅會見了舒克里。
以色列古物管理局局長伊萊·埃斯科齊多與拉皮德一起移交了95件文物，其中包括兩塊刻有像形文字的石碑、一塊刻有像形文字的石棺、紙莎草紙文件和數十個埃及諸神的小神像。
當埃斯科齊多和拉皮德正式將它們轉移到埃及時，這些物品被擺放在一張覆蓋著綠色桌布的桌子上。
其中四件文物於 2013 年被以色列海關人員抓獲，當時一名以色列文物經銷商在英國牛津購買後試圖通過本古里安機場將它們帶入該國。以色列通過國際刑警組織向埃及當局發出警報，經過一場法律鬥爭，這些文物於 2015 年移交給以色列。
其他埃及文物於 2013 年 8 月在耶路撒冷的一家古物經銷商處被發現。 IAA 和外交部官員於同年 9 月會見了埃及大使，並同意進行聯合調查。次月，該店繳獲了 91 件文物。在隨後的法律程序中，埃及發送了埃及旅遊和古物部開羅和吉薩區主任 Yousef Hamed Khalifa 的文物文件和專家意見。
IAA 負責人 Eli Eskozido（左）和 IAA 搶劫預防部門負責人 Amir Ganor 檢查 Eskozido 和外交部長 Yair Lapid（Yoli Schwartz/IAA）返回埃及的被掠奪的埃及文物
作為妥協，經銷商將物品交給了以色列當局。
埃斯科齊多在一份聲明中說：“古物管理局讚揚拉皮德外長的倡議，很高興能夠幫助埃及當局將從埃及被盜的埃及文物歸還給埃及人民。”
廣告
“以色列和古物管理局有興趣與埃及當局合作，保護屬於人類文化的考古寶藏。採取行動阻止世界各地的文物盜竊和非法交易至關重要。IAA 渴望加強與埃及最高古物委員會在考古和研究方面的合作。”
當天早些時候，拉皮德在開羅會見了塞西總統，兩人在那裡討論了伊朗的威脅以及以色列與加沙的哈馬斯恐怖組織達成長期停火協議的嘗試。
2021 年 12 月 9 日，外交部長 Yair Lapid 和 IAA 負責人 Eli Eskozido 將 95 件被掠奪的文物中的一些送回埃及（Yoli Schwartz/IAA）
據外交部稱，拉皮德和塞西總統談到了德黑蘭的核計劃以及其支持武裝代理團體對地區穩定構成的威脅。
拉皮德還介紹了他對加沙的願景，即提供經濟激勵以換取結束哈馬斯襲擊，並討論了以色列平民和兩名以色列士兵被關押在加沙地帶的遺骸問題。
“埃及是以色列特別重要的戰略夥伴，”拉皮德在會後的一份聲明中說。“我的目​​標是加強我們與埃及的安全、外交和經濟聯繫。重要的是繼續致力於兩國之間的和平。我感謝塞西總統​​，他對該地區的貢獻以及我們之間的關係具有歷史性的意義，感謝他的熱情款待以及熱情開放的會議。”
2021 年 12 月 9 日，外交部長 Yair Lapid 和 IAA 負責人 Eli Eskozido 將 95 件被盜文物中的一些歸還埃及（Yoli Schwartz/IAA）
拉皮德此前曾於 7 月與舒克里會面，當時兩人正在布魯塞爾參加歐盟會議。
在拉皮德訪問埃及之前，納夫塔利·貝內特總理於 9 月在沙姆沙伊赫會見了塞西總統，這是十多年來以色列和埃及領導人首次舉行此類峰會。
Lapid 支持擱置西牆妥協案：“我們有 4 年”
外交部長表示他支持為平等主義祈禱創建正式的亭子，但表示不著急，因為部長們按計劃剎車
通過TOI人員今天，下午 5:27
2015 年 7 月 13 日，Yair Lapid 在西牆祈禱。 (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)
外交部長亞伊爾·拉皮德 (Yair Lapid) 週一表示，他支持明顯擱置所謂的西牆妥協方案，這將使科泰爾的多元化祈禱亭正式化。
《以色列時報》週日報導稱，宗教事務部長馬坦·卡哈納 (Matan Kahana) 與總理納夫塔利·貝內特 (Naftali Bennett) 一起決定推遲執行前政府在 2017 年凍結的協議的計劃。拉皮德是少數幾位新政府高級成員之一。已承諾解凍這筆交易。
但在 Yesh Atid 派系會議期間被問及此事時，拉皮德似乎符合卡哈納和貝內特計劃對提案進行踩剎車的計劃，因為哈雷迪和反對派右翼立法者的強烈反對。
“我支持妥協，但並非所有事情都能一下子解決，”拉皮德說。我們有四年的時間來推進許多偉大的事情。”
外交部長沒有進一步評論此事。
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拉皮德和其他人告訴西牆協議的支持者，一旦新聯盟通過預算，就能夠兌現競選承諾。但在預算通過一個多月後，政府似乎很難貫徹到底。
推遲這個問題的舉動已經面臨該計劃支持者的反對，他們說他們已經等了很久了。
2021 年 4 月 14 日，工黨 MK Gilad Kariv 將托拉捲軸帶到西牆以供婦女祈禱小組使用的視頻截圖。（以色列 Hayom）
中左翼工黨的僑民事務部長 Nachman Shai 和 MK Gilad Kariv 週日表示，Kahana 無權擱置該提案。
廣告
該安排長期以來一直是政府與僑民猶太人之間爭論的焦點，是以色列與僑民領導人經過三年多時間談判達成的，並於 2016 年獲得本傑明·內塔尼亞胡領導的政府的批准。 然而， 內塔尼亞胡在 2017年無限期暫停了這項安排，在他的極端正統聯盟夥伴的壓力下。
“儘管[反對黨領袖本傑明]內塔尼亞胡和[Shas黨主席Aryeh]德里錯誤地企圖煽動西牆，並出於政治和個人原因加深猶太人之間的分裂，但現政府已重新啟動以色列國之間的戰略對話以及西牆和許多其他問題上的自由派流，”卡里夫週日表示，指的是利庫德集團支持的沙斯運動，以阻止利庫德集團領導的前政府達成的 2016 年協議的實施。
“正如幾天前向高等法院發表的一份聲明中所指出的，現任政府致力於在西牆建立一個平等的國有祈禱廣場，”改革派拉比卡里夫說。
2021 年 11 月 8 日，以色列總理納夫塔利·貝內特（中）、情報部長埃拉扎爾·斯特恩和宗教事務部長馬坦·卡哈納（左）在議會全體會議上看到（Olivier Fitoussi/Flash90 提供）
根據最初出現在Zman Yisrael的以色列時報報導，以色列時報的希伯來語姊妹網站 Bennett 和 Kahana 決定再次凍結該計劃，並可能永遠放棄。
“我們決定現在不處理這個問題，”卡哈納週末告訴助手們。
“西牆妥協已成為煽動和仇恨的焦點，尤其是來自利庫德集團的人，他們抓住了它。我們不能玩弄他們的手。我們現在正在凍結一切。我們沒有碰它，”卡哈納說。
廣告
僑民事務部長沙伊週日在一份聲明中說：“本周是政府歡迎活動的半年。但一個想要持久的政府首先被建議學會尊重聯盟協議。
“以色列政府將繼續為實施西牆妥協而努力。只要[工黨]在政府中任職，我們就會推動所有猶太教流派的平等，”他說。
Shalom Yerushalmi 為本報告做出了貢獻。
Lapid backs shelving of Western Wall compromise: ‘We have 4 years’
Foreign minister says he supports creating formal pavilion for egalitarian prayer, but indicates there’s no rush as ministers slam brakes on plan
By TOI STAFFToday, 5:27 pm
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Yair Lapid prays at the Western Wall, on July 13, 2015. (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)
Foreign Minister Yair Lapid indicated Monday that he supports the apparent shelving of the so-called Western Wall compromise, which would see the formalization of a pluralistic prayer pavilion at the Kotel.
The Times of Israel reported Sunday that Religious Affairs Minister Matan Kahana had decided together with Prime Minister Naftali Bennett to put off plans to implement the agreement frozen by the previous government in 2017. Lapid had been among the handful of senior members of the new government who had pledged to unfreeze the deal.
But asked about the matter during a Yesh Atid faction meeting, Lapid appeared to fall in line with Kahana and Bennett’s plan to slam the brakes on the proposal, amid significant pushback from Haredi and right-wing lawmakers in the opposition.
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“I support the compromise, but not everything can be done at once,” Lapid said. We have four years during which we will advance many great things.”
The foreign minister did not comment further on the matter.
Lapid and others had told supporters of the Western Wall agreement that once the new coalition passed a budget, it would be able to tackle the campaign pledge. But over a month after the budget passed, the government appears to be having a hard time following through.
The move to put off the issue is already facing opposition by the plan’s backers, who say they’ve waited long enough.
Screen capture from video of a Torah scroll brought by Labor MK Gilad Kariv to the Western Wall for use in a women’s prayer group is held aloft, April, 14, 2021. (Israel Hayom)
Diaspora Affairs Minister Nachman Shai and MK Gilad Kariv, both of the center-left Labor party, said Sunday that Kahana doesn’t have the authority to shelve the proposal.
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The arrangement, long a point of contention between the government and Diaspora Jewry, was negotiated between Israel and Diaspora leaders over more than three years and was approved by the Benjamin Netanyahu-led government in 2016. However, it was indefinitely suspended by Netanyahu in 2017, under pressure from his ultra-Orthodox coalition partners.
“Despite [opposition head Benjamin] Netanyahu and [Shas party chairman Aryeh] Deri’s false attempts to enflame the Western Wall and deepen the division among the Jewish people for political and personal reasons, the current government has renewed its strategic dialogue between the State of Israel and the liberal streams on the Western Wall and many other issues,” Kariv said Sunday, referring to the Shas campaign backed by Likud to prevent the implementation of the 2016 deal reached by the Likud-led former government.
“As noted in a statement to the High Court delivered a few days ago, the current government is committed to the process of establishing an egalitarian and state-owned prayer plaza at the Western Wall,” said Kariv, a Reform rabbi.
Israeli prime minister Naftali Bennett (C), Intelligence Minister Elazar Stern and Minister of Religious Affairs Matan Kahana (left) seen during a plenum session at the Knesset on November 8, 2021 (Courtesy Olivier Fitoussi/Flash90)
According to the Times of Israel report, which initially appeared in Zman Yisrael, the Times of Israel’s Hebrew-language sister site, Bennett and Kahana have decided to freeze the plan again, and maybe give up on it for good.
“We have decided to not deal with this now, period,” Kahana told aides over the weekend.
“The Western Wall compromise has become a focus for incitement and hatred, especially by people from Likud, who are latching onto it. We cannot play into their hands. We’re freezing everything at the moment. We’re not touching it,” Kahana said.
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Shai, the Diaspora affairs minister, said Sunday in a statement, “This week marks a half-year of the government’s welcome activity. But a government that wants to last is first and foremost advised to learn to respect coalition agreements.
“The government of Israel will continue to strive for the implementation of the Western Wall compromise. As long as [the Labor party] sits in government, we will push for equality for all streams of Judaism,” he said.
Shalom Yerushalmi contributed to this report.
以色列部長在誓言反對定居者暴力行為後引發強烈反對
內部安全部長 Bar-Lev 在告訴拜登政府官員以色列將應對定居者暴力事件激增後，面臨來自政府和反對派等右翼立法者的攻擊
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上個月，公安部長 Omer Bar-Lev 在一次聯盟會議上。信用：馬克以色列薩拉姆
喬什·布雷納
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2021 年 12 月 13 日晚上 10:41
週一，公共安全部長奧馬爾·巴列夫 (Omer Bar-Lev) 告訴一位美國高級官員，以色列“嚴重”地看待定居者的暴力行為，並且正在採取措施解決這一現象，這引發了一場政治風暴。
在與負責政治事務的副國務卿維多利亞·簡·紐蘭 (Victoria Jane Nuland) 會面時，巴列夫表示，以色列正在努力加強約旦河西岸的警察，並就如何應對猶太人對巴勒斯坦人的襲擊向以色列軍隊提供更明確的指示。
紐蘭告訴 Bar-Lev，美國國務院正在監控定居者的暴力行為。11 月，以色列國防部長本尼·甘茨 (Benny Gantz) 承諾加強對襲擊的執法力度，此前以色列的案件從 2019 年到 2021 年增加了 150%。
公安部長 Omer Bar-Lev。
然而，內政部長阿耶萊特·沙克德在推特上反駁了這些評論。“你很困惑。定居者是地球上的鹽，”她說，並補充說他們正在延續以前猶太復國主義先驅的傳統。“令人震驚的暴力事件是每天發生的數十起對猶太人的投擲石塊和毆打事件，而這一切都是在巴勒斯坦權力機構的鼓勵和支持下發生的。”
同樣來自亞米納的宗教服務部長馬坦·卡哈納 (Matan Kahana)表示，“看到一個經驗豐富、年事已高的安全人員得到如此虛假和扭曲的敘述，令人難過”，與 Shaked 相呼應的是，定居者“不是暴力的，而是開拓者”。

• 為什麼定居者對以色列後內塔尼亞胡政府悄悄地感到滿意
• 定居者襲擊巴勒斯坦人。以色列軍隊懲罰巴勒斯坦人。重複
• 定居者暴力是以色列佔領的一個組成部分

宗教猶太復國主義主席 Bezalel Smotrich 在推特上猛烈抨擊 Bar-Lev，同時還批評 Shaked “讓他成為部長”。
他寫道：“對不起，我的直率，但你只是個混蛋。” “成千上萬的英勇定居者每天都在經歷恐怖，並付出了慘痛的代價，而你在污穢中流血並參與誹謗他們的虛假反猶運動，這樣你就可以開明並取悅一群偽君子。可恥，你這個小人。”
貝內特結束對阿聯酋的訪問，他的辦公室說王儲接受了以色列的邀請
在總理會見國家事實上的統治者後，各國發表聯合聲明，稱以色列總理的首次訪問是“發展友好關係的又一個里程碑”
通過TOI人員今天，晚上 9:20
阿聯酋王儲謝赫·穆罕默德·本·扎耶德於 2021 年 12 月 13 日在阿布扎比與總理納夫塔利·貝內特耳語。（Haim Zach/GPO）
阿布扎比強大的王儲謝赫穆罕默德·本·扎耶德·阿勒納哈揚已接受總理納夫塔利·貝內特訪問以色列的邀請，他的辦公室週一表示，後者結束了以色列總理對阿拉伯聯合酋長國的首次訪問。
貝內特指示官員開始為本扎耶德的訪問做準備。沒有給出旅行的時間表。
貝內特辦公室表示，總理週一與本·扎耶德會面了大約四個小時，其中一半以上的時間用於一對一會談。
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在出發前的一份聲明中，貝內特感謝本扎耶德的“熱情款待”，並表示兩人進行了“深入、真誠和重要的會談”。
“我們討論了兩國的相對優勢。我們的目標是擴大聯繫，這樣不僅領導人之間而且人民之間也能和平相處，”他說。“我非常樂觀地離開這裡，認為這個兩國關係的例子將成為整個地區廣泛聯繫網絡的基石。”
2021 年 12 月 13 日，總理納夫塔利·貝內特（左）與阿聯酋王儲穆罕默德·本·扎耶德·阿勒納哈揚在後者的阿布扎比​​宮殿坐下。（Haim Zach/GPO）
繼去年達成外交關係正常化協議後，兩國發表聯合聲明稱貝內特之行是“發展友好關係的又一個里程碑”。
聲明說，雙方同意設立聯合研發基金。
“這個聯合基金和一個相應的聯合商業委員會將利用阿聯酋和以色列的領先經濟和技術思想，並責成他們將解決方案商業化，以應對從氣候變化和荒漠化到清潔能源和未來農業等挑戰，”它說.
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除了與 bin Zayed 的會談外，Bennett 週一還會見了阿聯酋工業和先進技術部長 Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber 和文化部長 Noura bint Mohammed Al Kaabi。
總理週日抵達阿布扎比，在那裡，王儲的弟弟、外交部長阿卜杜拉·本·扎耶德·納哈揚在機場迎接了他。
2021 年 12 月 12 日，總理納夫塔利·貝內特和阿聯酋外交部長阿卜杜拉·本·扎耶德在阿布扎比走過儀仗隊。（Haim Zach/GPO）
在前往阿聯酋之前，總理說他此行的目的是進一步擴大以色列和阿聯酋之間的關係。
此次訪問正值以色列及其海灣盟友對伊朗的核計劃感到擔憂之際。伊朗與世界大國之間的談判上週再次陷入僵局。
以色列和阿聯酋去年在美國斡旋的亞伯拉罕協議中建立了聯繫，將十多年的秘密接觸公開化。他們的關係從那時起就蓬勃發展。
巴林、蘇丹和摩洛哥後來也加入了該協議，據傳其他國家也在進行談判，但迄今為止都沒有取得成果。
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前總理本雅明·內塔尼亞胡在簽署亞伯拉罕協議方面發揮了重要作用，他曾多次嘗試在卸任前安排對阿聯酋的訪問，但多次被迫取消，並且從未以總理身份出訪。
6 月，外交部長亞伊爾·拉皮德 (Yair Lapid) 為以色列駐阿聯酋大使館正式揭幕。一個月後，阿聯酋駐以色列大使館落成。
As Bennett ends UAE visit, his office says crown prince accepted invite to Israel
After PM meets with nation’s de facto ruler, countries issue joint statement calling first-ever visit by an Israeli premier ‘another milestone in the development of warm relations’
By TOI STAFFToday, 9:20 pm
UAE Crown Prince Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed whispers to Prime Minister Naftali Bennett in Abu Dhabi, on December 13, 2021. (Haim Zach/GPO)
Abu Dhabi’s powerful Crown Prince Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan has accepted Prime Minister Naftali Bennett’s invitation to visit Israel, his office said Monday, as the latter wrapped up the first-ever trip by an Israeli premier to the United Arab Emirates.
Bennett instructed officials to begin making preparations for bin Zayed’s visit. No timeframe was given for the trip.
The prime minister met Monday with bin Zayed for some four hours, with more than half of the time spent in one-on-one talks, Bennett’s office said.
In a statement before departing, Bennett thanked bin Zayed for “for the very warm hospitality” and said the two held “in-depth, sincere and significant talks.”
“We discussed the two countries’ relative strengths. Our goal is to expand ties so that there is not only peace between the leaders but also between the peoples,” he said. “I am leaving here with great optimism that this example, of ties between the two countries, will be a cornerstone for a wide-ranging network of ties throughout the region.”
Prime Minister Naftali Bennett (left) sits down with UAE Crown Prince Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan in the latter’s Abu Dhabi palace on December 13, 2021. (Haim Zach/GPO)
The two countries released a joint statement calling Bennett’s trip “another milestone in the development of warm relations,” following their agreement last year to normalize diplomatic ties.
The statement said the sides agreed to establish a joint research and development fund.
“This joint fund, and a corresponding joint business council, will harness leading economic and technological minds in the UAE and in Israel, and task them with commercializing solutions to challenges ranging from climate change and desertification to clean energy and future agriculture,” it said.
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In addition to his talks with bin Zayed, Bennett met Monday with the UAE’s Industry and Advanced Technology Minister Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber and Culture Minister Noura bint Mohammed Al Kaabi.
The premier arrived Sunday in Abu Dhabi, where he was greeted at the airport by Foreign Minister Abdullah bin Zayed al-Nahyan, the crown prince’s brother.
Prime Minister Naftali Bennett and UAE Foreign Minister Abdullah bin Zayed walk past an honor guard in Abu Dhabi on December 12, 2021. (Haim Zach/GPO)
Before leaving for the UAE, the prime minister said the aim of his trip was to further expand ties between Israel and the UAE.
The visit came as Israel and its Gulf allies fret about Iran’s nuclear program. Talks between Iran and world powers stalled again last week.
Israel and the UAE forged ties in the United States-brokered Abraham Accords last year, bringing over a decade of covert contacts into the open. Their relationship has flourished since then.
Bahrain, Sudan, and Morocco later also joined the Accords, and other countries were also rumored to be in talks, though none has come to fruition so far.
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Former prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who was instrumental in the signing of the Abraham Accords, repeatedly tried to schedule a visit to the UAE before leaving office, but was forced to cancel on a number of occasions and never made the trip as premier.
In June, Foreign Minister Yair Lapid officially inaugurated Israel’s embassy in the UAE. The Emirati embassy in Israel was inaugurated a month later.
普京告訴英國約翰遜：北約成員國正從烏克蘭威脅俄羅斯
克里姆林宮表示，北約軍事聯盟的成員正在通過擴大在烏克蘭的活動來威脅俄羅斯。
通過路透
發佈時間： 2021 年 12 月 13 日 19:44
2021 年 7 月 25 日，俄羅斯總統弗拉基米爾·普京 (Vladimir Putin) 出席在俄羅斯聖彼得堡舉行的海軍日閱兵式。
（圖片來源：人造衛星/阿列克謝·尼科爾斯基/克里姆林宮）
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克里姆林宮表示，俄羅斯總統弗拉基米爾普京周一告訴英國首相鮑里斯約翰遜，北約軍事聯盟的成員正在通過擴大在烏克蘭的活動來威脅俄羅斯。
美國情報部門評估稱，俄羅斯最早可能計劃在明年對鄰國烏克蘭發動多線進攻，涉及多達 175,000 名士兵。
克里姆林宮否認它的入侵計劃，並表示西方被俄羅斯恐懼症所困擾。莫斯科表示，北約的擴張威脅到俄羅斯，並違背了 1991 年蘇聯解體時向其做出的保證。
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克里姆林宮在談到與約翰遜的通話時說：“弗拉基米爾·普京詳細概述了他對烏克蘭當前局勢的主要評估。”
克里姆林宮表示：“有人強調，這一切都是在北約國家積極在烏克蘭領土上進行軍事‘擴張’對俄羅斯的安全構成直接威脅的背景下發生的。”
唐寧街說，約翰遜警告普京，任何針對烏克蘭的破壞穩定的行動都將是一個戰略錯誤，會產生重大後果。
英國首相鮑里斯·約翰遜在紐約市第 76 屆聯合國大會上發表講話（圖片來源：REUTERS/EDUARDO MUNOZ/POOL）
唐寧街表示，約翰遜“強調了英國對烏克蘭領土完整和主權的承諾，並警告說，任何破壞穩定的行動都將是一個戰略錯誤，會產生重大後果。”
“他表達了英國對俄羅斯在烏克蘭邊境集結軍隊的深切關注，並重申通過外交渠道努力緩和緊張局勢並確定持久解決方案的重要性。”
Putin tells UK's Johnson: NATO members are threatening Russia from Ukraine
Members of the NATO military alliance were threatening Russia by expanding activity in Ukraine, the Kremlin said.
By REUTERS
Published: DECEMBER 13, 2021 19:44
Russia's President Vladimir Putin attends the Navy Day parade in Saint Petersburg, Russia July 25, 2021.
(photo credit: SPUTNIK/ALEXEI NIKOLSKY/KREMLIN)
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Russian President Vladimir Putin told British Prime Minister Boris Johnson on Monday that members of the NATO military alliance were threatening Russia by expanding activity in Ukraine, the Kremlin said.
US intelligence assesses that Russia could be planning a multi-front offensive on neighboring Ukraine as early as next year, involving up to 175,000 troops.
The Kremlin denies it plans to invade and says the West is gripped by Russophobia. Moscow says the expansion of NATO threatens Russia and has contravened assurances given to it as the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991.
"Vladimir Putin gave a detailed outline of his principal evaluation of the current situation around Ukraine," the Kremlin said of the call with Johnson.
"It was underlined that all this is happening against the background of active military 'expansion' on the territory of Ukraine by NATO countries creating a direct threat to the security of Russia," the Kremlin said.
Johnson warned Putin that any destabilizing action against Ukraine would be a strategic mistake with significant consequences, Downing Street said.
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson addresses the 76th Session of the UN General Assembly in New York City (credit: REUTERS/EDUARDO MUNOZ/POOL)
Downing Street said Johnson "emphasized the UK's commitment to Ukraine's territorial integrity and sovereignty, and warned that any destabilizing action would be a strategic mistake that would have significant consequences."
"He expressed the United Kingdom's deep concern over the build-up of Russian forces on Ukraine's border, and reiterated the importance of working through diplomatic channels to deescalate tensions and identify durable solutions."
隨著土耳其總統的支持率下降，埃爾多安的反對者面臨越來越大的壓力
分析人士稱，土耳其的貨幣危機和不斷上漲的消費價格損害了埃爾多安的連任機會。
作者：克里斯蒂娜·喬万諾夫斯基/媒體行
發佈時間： 2021 年 12 月 13 日 07:57
更新時間： 2021 年 12 月 13 日 07:59
土耳其總統雷傑普·塔伊普·埃爾多安於 2019 年 10 月 22 日在俄羅斯索契黑海度假勝地與俄羅斯總統弗拉基米爾·普京會面
（照片來源：謝爾蓋·奇里科夫/POOL VIA REUTERS）
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上週土耳其議會爆發了肢體衝突，反對派和分析人士稱，隨著土耳其總統的支持率下降，侵略性增加。
有關 The Media Line 的更多故事，請訪問themedialine.org
民意調查顯示，反對黨正在反對土耳其總統雷傑普·塔伊普·埃爾多安，後者的批評者指責他通過非正統的經濟政策幫助製造貨幣危機，包括在通脹上升的情況下拒絕提高利率。
人們普遍猜測埃爾多安可能會在預定的 2023 年之前舉行選舉，儘管他否認了這一點。
土耳其主要反對黨共和人民黨 (CHP) 的美國代表 Yurter Özcan 告訴媒體專線，雖然對他的政黨一直存在侵略，但他說侵略已經加劇。
“我認為他們擔心我們在年輕人、庫爾德人和該國的一些保守派方面取得了很大進展，取得了很大進展，”他說。
CHP 領導人 Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu 因採取更積極主動的方法並幫助形成具有不同意識形態背景的政黨聯盟而受到讚譽，這些政黨可能在下一次選舉中成為埃爾多安正義與發展黨 (AKP) 的有力競爭者。
“我們在確定議程、確定該國的政治辯論方面佔據上風。我們正在發揮作用，正發黨已經變得防守，”厄茲坎說。
11 月下旬，民主進步黨的聯合創始人梅廷·古爾坎 (Metin Gürcan) 被拘留，後來被逮捕，這在土耳其的法律地位更為嚴重。
一周後，一名高級政府官員指責衛生防護中心領導人與犯罪集團有聯繫，因為他試圖進入國家統計局，指控通貨膨脹被低估了。
政府和政黨之外的批評聲音也面臨壓力。
當地媒體週一報導稱，檢察官正在尋求對發表關於海事協議重要性的聯合聲明的退役海軍上將判處最高 12 年監禁，一些人認為這是對政府在伊斯坦布爾修建運河的計劃的批評。
據報導，在新聞網站報導了埃爾多安的前律師腐敗指控後，兩名記者本周也被起訴。
多年來，針對批評聲音和反對黨的犯罪活動指控一直是土耳其的現實。
在 2016 年未遂政變失敗後，數十萬人被解僱或停職，同時一些媒體機構被關閉，反對派政客被判入獄。
土耳其政府表示，這對於在一場致命的政變後確保公共安全和穩定是必要的，而埃爾多安的批評者則指責他利用失敗的政變來集中權力。
反對黨表示，恢復獨立和將權力從總統的角色中下放是他們就如何合作進行談判的關鍵部分。
土耳其總統雷傑普·塔伊普·埃爾多安 (Recep Tayyip Erdogan) 的支持者在伊斯坦布爾執政的 AK 黨總部將他的照片放在土耳其國旗前。（來源：GORAN TOMASEVIC/REUTERS）
民意調查機構 Metropoll 本週的一項調查顯示，如果有足夠多的反對黨在下次選舉中結成聯盟，埃爾多安的聯盟可能會被擊敗。
“[埃爾多安]對即將舉行的選舉結果沒有信心，”前土耳其外交官侯賽因·科努什說，他現在是外交和經濟研究所的主任，該研究所專注於土耳其的外交政策和經濟。
“只要他的支持率持續下降，我認為他就會加強言辭，採用更具侵略性的言辭，並對批評聲音採取措施，主要是針對反對黨。”
華盛頓研究所專注於土耳其的高級研究員 Soner Cagaptay 認為，壓力的增加可能意味著提前選舉即將到來。
埃爾多安可能正在“重新接受過去對他有很大幫助的受害敘述。他把自己塑造成失敗者，有時是受到攻擊的專制失敗者，因此有理由在他們破壞他之前擊敗他的對手，”卡加普泰告訴媒體專線。
然而，他認為經濟將是選舉的決定性因素。土耳其里拉今年已貶值約 45%，兌美元匯率創下歷史新低。
隨之而來的通貨膨脹導致食品價格上漲，人們為了更便宜的麵包排起了長隊。土耳其總統堅稱，成本上升是由於政府以外的因素造成的，而且這種增長很快就會停止。
據路透社報導，埃爾多安說：“我們的目標是持久繁榮、持久穩定。我們付出的代價將因我們所取得的收益而得到證明。”陷入困境的經濟已經讓埃爾多安付出了政治代價。
里拉在 2018 年早些時候面臨崩潰，當時美國因拘留一名美國牧師而對其北約盟國實施制裁。
貨幣危機部分歸咎於埃爾多安的政黨在 2019 年伊斯坦布爾和首都安卡拉的地方選舉中失利，這是總統上台以來最大的政治失敗。
“缺乏強勁和持續的經濟增長……沒有什麼能恢復他的基礎，”卡加普泰說。
Erdoğan’s opponents face increased pressure as Turkish president’s popularity declines
Analysts say Turkey’s currency crisis and rising consumer prices hurt Erdoğan’s chance of re-election.
By KRISTINA JOVANOVSKI/THE MEDIA LINE
Published: DECEMBER 13, 2021 07:57
Updated: DECEMBER 13, 2021 07:59
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan attends a meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin in the Black sea resort of Sochi, Russia, 22 October 2019
(photo credit: SERGEI CHIRIKOV/POOL VIA REUTERS)
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Physical fights broke out in Turkey’s parliament last week amid what the opposition and analysts say is a trend of increased aggression as the Turkish president’s popularity declines.
For more stories from The Media Line go to themedialine.org
Polls have suggested that opposition parties are gaining ground against Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, whose critics accuse him of helping create a currency crisis with his unorthodox economic policies, including a refusal to increase interest rates amid rising inflation.
There is widespread speculation that Erdoğan could call an election before the scheduled 2023 date, although he has denied this.
The US representative of Turkey’s main opposition party, the Republican People's Party (CHP), Yurter Özcan, told The Media Line that while there has always been aggression towards his party, he said the aggression has intensified.
“I think they’re concerned that we’ve been making a lot of headway and making a lot of strides with the youth, with the Kurds, and with some of the conservatives in the country,” he said.
CHP leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu has been credited with taking a more proactive approach and helping form an alliance of parties from diverse ideological backgrounds that could be a strong contender to Erdoğan’s Justice and Development Party (AKP) in the next election.
“We have the upper hand in terms of defining the agenda, defining the political debate in the country. We are making the plays and the AKP has become defensive,” said Özcan.
In late November, Metin Gürcan, a co-founder of the Democracy and Progress Party, a splinter party from Erdoğan’s AKP, was detained and later arrested, a more serious legal status in Turkey.
A week later, a top government official accused the leader of the CHP of being connected to criminal groups after he tried to enter the national statistics office over accusations that inflation was being underreported.
Critical voices outside the government and political parties have also faced pressure.
Local outlets reported on Monday that prosecutors are seeking up to 12 years in prison for retired admirals who issued a joint statement about the importance of a maritime agreement, which some saw as criticism of the government’s plan to build a canal in Istanbul.
Two journalists were also reportedly indicted this week after their news website reported about allegations of corruption by Erdoğan’s former lawyer.
Accusations of criminal activity against critical voices and opposition parties have been the reality in Turkey for years.
Hundreds of thousands of people were fired or suspended from their jobs following the failed 2016 coup attempt while some media organizations were shut down and opposition politicians jailed.
The Turkish government said this was necessary to ensure public safety and stability after a deadly putsch while Erdoğan’s critics have accused him of using the failed coup to centralize power.
Opposition parties say restoring independence and decentralizing power away from the president’s role is a key part of their talks over how to co-operate.
A SUPPORTER of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan holds his picture in front of Turkey’s flag at the ruling AK Party headquarters in Istanbul. (credit: GORAN TOMASEVIC/REUTERS)
A survey this week by pollsters Metropoll showed that Erdoğan’s coalition could be beaten if enough opposition parties form an alliance in the next election.
“[Erdoğan’s] not confident about the results of the upcoming elections,” said Hüseyin Konuş, a former Turkish diplomat, who is now a director with the Institute for Diplomacy and Economy, which focuses on Turkey’s foreign policy and economy.
“As long as this decrease in his support goes, I think he will harshen his rhetoric and embrace a more aggressive rhetoric and also approach to critical voices, mainly to opposition parties.”
Soner Cagaptay, a senior fellow focused on Turkey at the Washington Institute, believes the increased pressure could mean a snap election is on the horizon.
Erdoğan may be “re-embracing a narrative of victimization which has helped him so much in the past. He has cast himself as the underdog, at times the authoritarian underdog who is under attack and is therefore justified to take down his opponents before they undermine him,” Cagaptay told The Media Line.
However, he argued the economy would be the deciding factor in the election. Turkey’s lira has lost about 45% of its value this year, hitting record lows against the US dollar.
The ensuing inflation has led to increasing food prices and long lines for cheaper bread. The Turkish president has insisted rising costs have been due to factors outside his government and the increase would soon stop.
"We are aiming for lasting prosperity, lasting stability. The prices we pay will be justified by the gains we make,” Erdoğan said, the Reuters news agency reported. A struggling economy has already come at a political cost to Erdoğan.
The lira faced an earlier meltdown in 2018 when the US put sanctions on its NATO ally for its detention of an American pastor.
The currency crisis was partly blamed for Erdoğan’s party losing the 2019 local elections in Istanbul and the capital Ankara, the president’s greatest political defeat since coming to power.
“Short of robust and sustained economic growth … nothing will restore his base,” Cagaptay said.
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