2021.11.27 國際新聞導讀-巴林將建相當於國土面積60％的人工島推動經濟振興、約旦與以色列能源水協議遭到約旦民眾抗議反對、伊朗核武協議談判前景不佳、巴勒斯坦內部紛爭繼續外國援助不想進來、俄羅斯囤集重兵可能12月進犯烏克蘭

蘇老師講解國際新聞、中東與中亞歷史、中國事務、太空知識的頻道。 Diplomat's daily news review and history research on Middle East and Central Asia, China Affairs and Space Exploration

2021.11.27 國際新聞導讀-巴林將建相當於國土面積60％的人工島推動經濟振興、約旦與以色列能源水協議遭到約旦民眾抗議反對、伊朗核武協議談判前景不佳、巴勒斯坦內部紛爭繼續外國援助不想進來、俄羅斯囤集重兵可能12月進犯烏克蘭
巴林將建設5個新城市，將土地面積擴大60%
這個 300 億美元的計劃包括 22 個項目和人造島嶼。
作者：HUDHAIFA EBRAHIM / THE MEDIA LINE
發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 26 日 02:42
海瓦爾群島地區的計劃。
（圖片來源：巴林王國）
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巴林政府週三宣布推出總額超過 300 億美元的投資機會，作為後大流行時期綜合經濟計劃的一部分。
有關 The Media Line 的更多故事，請訪問themedialine.org
這 22 個主要項目包括建設五個新城市、人工島和一系列先前宣布的基礎設施、通信、旅遊、工業、教育、衛生、住房、青年和體育部門的倡議，而海灣島嶼的陸地據政府稱，王國將增長 60%。
巴林將允許來自世界各國的外國人和外國公司投資這些重要項目，特別是在基礎設施、工業和旅遊業領域，以提高該國的經濟水平。
根據之前的政府公告，它的目標是在未來兩年內吸引超過 30 億美元的外國直接投資，同時每年吸引來自以色列、美國、歐盟和歐盟等 30 多個國家的超過 1300 萬遊客。俄羅斯。
政府推出了附屬於巴林經濟發展委員會的網站，潛在投資者可以通過該網站了解現有機會。
阿茲姆島地區的規劃。（信用：巴林王國）
一位消息靈通的政府消息人士向 The Media Line 透露：“巴林首次在所謂的 Fasht 提供新島嶼供投資，這是水域中的一個淺水區。”
“巴林這五個新區的總面積為387平方公里[150平方英里]，分為住宅區、工業區、投資區、休閒區和旅遊區，而巴林的總面積約為820平方公里，”來源繼續。
“除了作為住宅和旅遊區之外，Al-Jarm 島還將成為巴林未來新機場的所在地。它將成為一個被運河環繞的島嶼，並依賴於綜合和可持續的流動性，”他說。“阿茲姆島將成為面積超過100平方公里的工業投資區。然後是巴林灣旅遊區、海瓦爾群島區和蘇海拉島。
藝術家對規劃中的體育城市的演繹。（信用：巴林王國）
探索舊金山最豪華的住宅由 Mansion Global 贊助
“巴林還將推出該王國最大的體育城，包括最大的足球場和其他體育設施，此外還有一個約 570 萬平方米 [6135 萬平方英尺]的綜合旅遊城市，以及一個 [會議中心]和] 將成為中東最大的展覽中心，”消息人士說。
“巴林和美國簽署了一份諒解備忘錄，旨在與美利堅合眾國建立一個商業區。該商貿區將成為區域貿易、製造、物流和配送中心，將為兩國的聯合合作和貿易關係開闢更廣闊的視野，加強經貿和工業合作，促進貿易發展。”消息人士繼續說道。
巴林經濟分析師奧馬爾告訴媒體，“巴林發起的投資項目將改變王國版圖，無論是在項目層面，甚至在王國的地理地圖層面。
“這些項目非常大，有我們第一次看到的新城市開放或宣布。它們是全新的領域，投資者可以從中受益，”他繼續說道。
“巴林正在走向經濟開放，而不是僅僅依靠石油作為國家總預算的主要來源，它肯定能夠做到這一點，”阿卜杜拉強調。
沙特經濟分析師 Abdullah al-Enezi 告訴媒體專線，“隨著大量項目的啟動，巴林經濟將在未來一段時間內實現大幅復甦。”
“巴林還將推出投資者簽證和‘黃金居留權’制度，投資受益的因素很多，尤其是海灣國家勞動力成本最低，生活成本也低。負擔得起，”他說。
一周回顧：Elon Musk、蘇格蘭和黃金海岸由 Mansion Global 贊助
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“海灣人民喜歡巴林，他們肯定會購買所有現有的投資物業。巴林注定會更加開放，允許更多民族進入該王國，而無需提前獲得簽證，”埃內齊說。
巴林經濟學家 Akbar Mohammed 表示，該國在過去 20 年發生了巨大變化，並指出其中很大一部分發生在基礎設施水平和該國發起的偉大項目上。
“即將開業，目前投資額為 300 億美元，未來五年將增至 400 億美元以上。這一次將會有非常強勁和大量的投資。巴林實際上從新冠危機中受益，帶著非常遠大的願景走出危機，”穆罕默德說。
Bahrain to build 5 new cities, expand landmass by 60%
The $30 billion program includes 22 projects and man-made islands.
By HUDHAIFA EBRAHIM / THE MEDIA LINE
Published: NOVEMBER 26, 2021 02:42
Plans for the Hawar Islands area.
(photo credit: Kingdom of Bahrain)
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The government of Bahrain announced on Wednesday the launch of investment opportunities totaling more than $30 billion, as part of an integrated economic package for the post-pandemic era.
For more stories from The Media Line go to themedialine.org
The 22 main projects include the construction of five new cities, artificial islands and a long list of previously announced initiatives in the infrastructure, communications, tourism, industry, education, health, housing, youth and sports sectors, while the landmass of the Gulf island kingdom will grow by 60%, according to the government.
Bahrain will allow foreigners and foreign companies from countries around the world to invest in these vital projects, especially in the infrastructure, industry and tourism sectors, with the aim of raising the economic level of the country.
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According to a previous government announcement, it aims to attract more than $3 billion in foreign direct investment over the next two years, while attracting more than 13 million visitors annually from more than 30 countries, including Israel, the United States, the European Union and Russia.
The government has launched a website affiliated with the Bahrain Economic Development Board, through which potential investors can learn about existing opportunities.
Plans for the Al-Azm Island area. (credit: Kingdom of Bahrain)
“For the first time, Bahrain is offering new islands for investment, in the so-called Fasht, which is a shallow area in the waters,” a well-informed government source revealed to The Media Line.
“The total area of these five new areas in Bahrain is 387 square kilometers [150 square miles], which is divided between residential, industrial, investment, recreational and tourist areas, while the total area of Bahrain is about 820 square kilometers,” the source continued.
“Al-Jarm Island will be the location of Bahrain’s future new airport, in addition to being a residential and touristic area. It will be an island surrounded by canals, and depend on integrated and sustainable mobility,” he said. “Al-Azm Island will be an industrial investment zone with an area of more than 100 square kilometers. Then there are the Bahrain Bay tourist area, the Hawar Islands area and Suhaila Island.
An artist's rendition of the planned sport city. (credit: Kingdom of Bahrain)
一旦超過60公斤，早上空腹吃這個，排油減脂，瘦到不想瘦！Sponsored by 減肥達人推薦
“Bahrain will also launch a sport city, the largest in the kingdom, to include the largest football stadium and other sports facilities, in addition to an integrated tourist city of about 5.7 million square meters [61.35 million square feet], and a [convention and] exhibition center that will be the largest in the Middle East,” the source said.
“A memorandum of understanding was signed between Bahrain and the United States with the aim of establishing a commercial zone with the United States of America. The commercial zone will be a regional center for trade, manufacturing, logistics and distribution, and will open broader horizons for joint cooperation and trade relations between the two countries, and enhance economic, commercial and industrial cooperation and advance trade,” the source continued.
Omar, a Bahraini economic analyst, told The Media Line, “The investment projects launched by Bahrain will change the map of the kingdom, both at the level of projects and even at the level of the geographical map of the kingdom.
“The projects are very large, and there are new cities that we see for the first time that are opened or announced. They are completely new areas, and investors can benefit from them,” he continued.
“Bahrain is heading toward economic openness, and not relying solely on oil as the main source of the state’s general budget, and it will certainly be able to do this,” Abdullah stressed.
Abdullah al-Enezi, a Saudi economic analyst, told The Media Line, “The Bahraini economy will witness a great recovery during the coming period, with the launch of this large number of projects.”
“Bahrain will also launch a system of investor visas and ‘golden residency,’ and it has many factors through which to benefit from investing in it, especially as it has the lowest labor costs of the Gulf countries, and the cost of living is also affordable,” he said.
“The people of the Gulf love Bahrain and they will certainly buy all the existing investment properties. And Bahrain is destined to open up more and allow a greater number of nationalities to enter the kingdom without the need to obtain a visa in advance,” Enezi said.
Bahraini economist Akbar Mohammed said the country has changed tremendously in the last 20 years, noting that much of this came at the level of infrastructure and the great projects that the kingdom initiated.
“Opening is coming, and investments currently amount to $30 billion and will rise to more than $40 billion over the next five years. This time there will be very strong and large investments. Bahrain has actually benefited from the corona crisis, coming out of it with a very big vision,” Mohammed said.
約旦人抗議與以色列達成以水換能源的協議
約旦和以色列之間的一項新協議規定，約旦將向以色列供電，以色列將向約旦供水。
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發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 26 日 16:38
約旦人舉著旗幟和標語牌，抗議以色列、約旦和阿聯酋在約旦安曼簽署的水換能源協議意向聲明。
（照片來源：MUATH FREIJ/REUTERS）
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週五，數千名約旦人抗議與以色列和聯合酋長國達成的以水換能源的協議，呼籲他們的政府取消與以色列的和平協議，並稱任何正常化都是一種屈辱的屈服。
警方在首都安曼市中心地區部署了大量警察，通往侯賽尼清真寺，示威者在周五祈禱後遊行。
“反對恥辱協議，”抗議者高呼，一些人舉著“正常化就是叛國”等標語，參加由伊斯蘭主義者和左派以及部落團體和工會等反對黨組織的抗議活動。
約旦、以色列和阿聯酋上週一在美國氣候特使約翰克里在場的情況下簽署了該協議。
根據協議，約旦將安裝 600 兆瓦的太陽能發電容量，出口到以色列，而以色列將向缺水的約旦提供 2 億立方米的淡化水。
在約旦安曼舉行的以色列、約旦和阿聯酋簽署的水換能源協議意向聲明的示威遊行中，公安人員站崗（圖片來源：MUATH FREIJ/REUTERS）
在阿聯酋，成為第一次海灣國家正常化與以色列的關係，去年，預計建造的太陽能電站在約旦。
西方外交官表示，該倡議尚需進行可行性研究，但如果取得成果，它將成為以色列與阿拉伯國家之間最大的區域合作項目之一。
“這項協議旨在將約旦與猶太復國主義實體完全聯繫起來。這不是一項貿易協議，而是一項可恥和屈辱的正常化協議，”著名的伊斯蘭反對派人士阿里·阿布·蘇卡 (Ali Abu Sukkar) 說。
[畫廊]停車時總是在輪胎上放一個塑料瓶，這就是為什麼由 Learnitwise 贊助
許多約旦人反對 1994 年達成具有里程碑意義的和平協議導致與以色列關係正常化，該協議為能源、水和天然氣領域的深遠合作開闢了道路。
在一個 1000 萬公民中的大多數是巴勒斯坦血統的國家，反以色列情緒高漲。他們或他們的父母在 1948 年以色列建國期間的戰鬥中被驅逐或逃往約旦。
本周宣布交易後，全國各地的大學校園都爆發了零星的示威活動，無視抗議禁令。數百名學生高呼反以色列口號，並呼籲政府與鄰國斷絕關係並取消該項目。
Jordanians protest against water-for-energy deal with Israel
A new deal between Jordan and Israel states that Jordan will supply power to Israel, and Israel will supply water to Jordan.
By REUTERS
Published: NOVEMBER 26, 2021 16:38
Jordanians carry flags and placards as they demonstrate against the declaration of intent for water-for-energy deal signed by Israel, Jordan and the UAE, in Amman, Jordan.
(photo credit: MUATH FREIJ/REUTERS)
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Several thousand Jordanians protested on Friday against a water-for-energy deal with Israel and the United Emirates, calling on their government to scrap its peace agreement with Israel and saying any normalization was a humiliating submission.
Police were deployed heavily around a downtown area of the capital Amman leading to the Husseini mosque where demonstrators marched after Friday prayers.
"No to the agreement of shame," protesters chanted, some carrying banners such as "Normalization is Treason" in a protest organized by a mix of opposition parties including Islamists and leftists as well as tribal groups and unions.
Jordan, Israel and the UAE signed the deal last Monday in the presence of US climate envoy John Kerry.
Under the agreement, Jordan would install 600 megawatts of solar power generating capacity to be exported to Israel, while Israel would provide water-scarce Jordan with 200 million cubic metres of desalinated water.
Public security members stand guard during a demonstration against the declaration of intent for water-for-energy deal signed by Israel, Jordan and the UAE, in Amman, Jordan (credit: MUATH FREIJ/REUTERS)
The UAE, which became the first Gulf state to normalize relations with Israel last year, was expected build the solar plant in Jordan.
The initiative is subject to feasibility studies, but if it comes to fruition it will be one of the largest regional cooperation projects undertaken between Israel and Arab countries, Western diplomats say.
"This deal is aimed at linking Jordan with the Zionist entity completely. It is not a trade deal, it is a normalization deal that is shameful and humiliating,” said Ali Abu Sukkar, a prominent Islamist opposition figure.
Many Jordanians oppose the normalization of ties with Israel that resulted from a landmark peace deal in 1994, which opened the way for far-reaching cooperation in energy, water and gas.
Anti-Israel sentiment runs high in a country where most of the 10 million citizens are of Palestinian origin. They or their parents were expelled or fled to Jordan in the fighting that accompanied the creation of Israel in 1948.
After the deal was announced this week sporadic demonstrations sprang up at university campuses across the country in defiance of a ban on protests. Hundreds of students chanted anti-Israel slogans and called on the government to sever ties with its neighbor and scrap the project.
以色列在重啟伊朗核談判之前發起外交閃電戰
甘茨：在伊朗影響我們的合作夥伴並建立我們的軍事實力是我們的責任
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發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 25 日 22:55
2021 年 5 月 24 日，在冠狀病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行期間，伊朗國旗飄揚在國際原子能機構總部所在的聯合國辦公大樓前。
（照片來源：LISI NIESNER/路透社）
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以色列將在周一世界大國恢復與伊朗的核談判之前表明其立場，外交部長亞伊爾拉皮德計劃下周訪問倫敦和巴黎。
拉皮德將與英國首相鮑里斯約翰遜和法國總統埃馬紐埃爾馬克龍會面，討論談判以及以色列與其國家之間的雙邊關係。
美國和伊朗之間的間接會談定於週一在維也納恢復，聯合全面行動計劃的其他各方——俄羅斯、中國、法國、德國、英國和歐盟——將參加。美國尋求恢復 2015 年簽署的核協議，而伊朗則表示只會就取消美國製裁而不是核問題進行談判​​。
伊核協議最初達成時就反對，認為它不夠強大，直接為伊朗獲得核武器鋪平了道路，並反對重返協議，認為伊朗核計劃的最新進展——包括 60% 濃縮鈾和鈾金屬的開發，它們沒有可靠的民用用途——使交易的限制變得無關緊要。
國防部長本尼·甘茨呼籲全世界共同努力，確保伊朗不會獲得核武器。
2015 年在維也納達成伊核協議後，來自伊朗和世界六大大國的官員合影留念。（來源：REUTERS/CARLOS BARRIA）
甘茨週四在結束對摩洛哥的訪問時說：“在伊朗的背景下，我們有責任影響我們的合作夥伴並進行持續對話。” “我們的第二個責任是建立我們的軍事實力。我命令[以色列國防軍]升級部隊建設。”
甘茨建議維也納的西方談判代表“關注他們想在那裡取得的成果，不要太軟弱……在核發展、發射系統、時間表等方面，一項好的協議將填補現有協議中的漏洞。以及伊朗在該地區的所作所為。”
拜登政府今年早些時候表示，它將尋求延長伊朗協議並增加其限制，但下週的談判並不打算解決任何這些問題，而只是打算不加改變地回到 2015 年伊核協議——並且甚至恢復交易的可能性也令人懷疑。
國防部長拒絕評論以色列與美國人的分歧，稱討論是閉門進行的。
以色列必須“確保我們與美國過道的雙方進行對話並保持兩黨合作，而不是像過去那樣滑入美國政治，”他說，指的是前總理本傑明內塔尼亞胡與奧巴馬政府的爭端。
與此同時，在維也納，美國周四在國際原子能機構理事會威脅伊朗採取行動。
“如果伊朗的不合作不能立即得到糾正，包括在 JCPOA 議程下提出的問題上——尤其是在卡拉伊恢復知識的連續性，——董事會將別無選擇，只能在今年年底前重新召開特別會議為了應對危機，”美國臨時代辦路易斯 L.博諾告訴國際原子能機構理事會。
IAEA 總幹事拉斐爾·格羅西 (Rafael Grossi) 告訴理事會，他無法與德黑蘭就其機構對伊朗核設施的監督達成協議，發表上述言論。
伊朗不允許國際原子能機構進入卡拉季核設施。此外，該機構和伊朗自 2 月以來一直根據臨時協議開展工作，根據該協議，原子能機構的監視設備將在其他地點運行，但在達成進一步協議之前，該機構將無法訪問這些攝像機的鏡頭。
格羅西說：“該協議的一再延長，現在已經實施了大約九個月，正在成為對原子能機構恢復這種知識連續性的能力的重大挑戰。” “[Karaj] 研討會上知識的連續性……已被廣泛認為對於重返 JCPOA 至關重要。”
E3——英國、法國和德國——在國際原子能機構會議上警告說，“由於其驚人的生產速度，伊朗今天的總庫存包含足夠的裂變材料，如果進一步濃縮，可以用來生產不止一種核武器，濃縮 20% 和 60% 的鈾的積累進一步縮短了伊朗取得第一個核武器所需的時間。”
此外，伊朗安裝了先進的離心機外殼，並開發了對在金屬鈾領域生產核武器至關重要的知識。
2021 年 4 月 10 日在伊朗德黑蘭舉行的伊朗國家核能日期間展出了許多新一代伊朗離心機（圖片來源：伊朗總統辦公室/WANA（西亞新聞社）/通過路透社的講義）
“伊朗的持續升級正在不可逆轉地降低 JCPOA 的反擴散價值，”E3 表示。
儘管如此，他們表示，他們相信伊朗有可能就全面遵守 JCPOA 達成協議，並且盡快這樣做符合各方的最佳利益。
伊朗駐國際原子能機構代表 Mohammad Reza Ghaebi 對歐洲國家“不願明確譴責美國非法單方面退出 [退出 JCPOA] 並重新實施制裁”提出異議。他稱退出是當前爭端的根本原因，並且只要美國實施制裁，就期望伊朗採取克制是“不合理的”。
然而，俄羅斯試圖將伊朗排除在 IAEA 議程之外，並淡化了該問題的重要性。
“我們希望，在 2022 年 3 月的原子能機構理事會下屆會議之前，所有懸而未決的問題都將得到解決，並且‘[不擴散核武器條約] 與伊朗伊斯蘭共和國的保障監督協定’項目將永遠被取消。董事會議程，”俄羅斯駐維也納國際組織大使米哈伊爾·烏里揚諾夫說。
他進一步在推特上寫道，“在 IAEA BoG 中，許多代表團正確地說，與保障有關的未決問題在議程上停留的時間太長了。這些問題在擴散風險方面沒有什麼實際意義，但卻是一個持續的刺激因素。他們需要澄清和關閉。”
Israel launches diplomatic blitz ahead of renewed Iran nuclear talks
Gantz: It’s our responsibility to influence our partners on Iran and to build our military strength
By LAHAV HARKOV
Published: NOVEMBER 25, 2021 22:55
Iranian flag flies in front of the UN office building, housing IAEA headquarters, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, in Vienna, Austria, May 24, 2021.
(photo credit: LISI NIESNER/ REUTERS)
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Israel will make its position heard ahead of the return to nuclear talks with Iran by world powers on Monday, with Foreign Minister Yair Lapid scheduled to visit London and Paris next week.
Lapid will meet with British Prime Minister Boris Johnson and French President Emmanuel Macron to discuss the negotiations, as well as bilateral ties between Israel and their countries.
Indirect talks between the US and Iran are set to resume on Monday in Vienna, with the other parties to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action – Russia, China, France, Germany, the UK and the EU – taking part. The US seeks to return to the nuclear deal as it was written in 2015, while Iran has said it will only negotiate the removal of US sanctions and not nuclear matters.
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Israel opposed the JCPOA when it was first reached, arguing that it was not strong enough and directly paved a path for Iran to obtain a nuclear weapon, and opposes a return to the deal arguing that recent advances of Iran’s nuclear program – including 60% enriched uranium and the development of uranium metal, which have no credible civilian use – have rendered the deal’s restrictions irrelevant.
Defense Minister Benny Gantz called on the world to work together to ensure Iran does not get a nuclear weapon.
OFFICIALS FROM Iran and the six major world powers pose for a group picture after reaching the JCPOA in Vienna in 2015. (credit: REUTERS/CARLOS BARRIA)
“It’s our responsibility, in the context of Iran, to influence our partners and hold an ongoing dialogue,” Gantz said at the end of a visit to Morocco on Thursday. “Our second responsibility is to build our military might. I ordered [the IDF] to upgrade force-building.”
Gantz advised the Western negotiators in Vienna to “pay attention to what they want to achieve there and not soften too much… A good deal will plug up the holes in the existing agreement when it comes to nuclear developments, launching systems, its timeline, and what Iran does in the region.”
The Biden administration said earlier this year that it would seek to lengthen the Iran Deal and increase its restrictions, but the negotiations next week are not meant to address any of those issues, and are only meant to return to the 2015 JCPOA without changes – and even the possibility of returning to that deal is in doubt.
The defense minister declined to comment on Israeli disagreements with the Americans, saying the discussions take place behind closed doors.
Israel must “make sure we talk to both sides of the aisle in the US and stay bipartisan, and not slide into American politics as we did in the past,” he said, referring to former prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s disputes with the Obama administration.
Meanwhile, in Vienna, the US threatened Iran with action at the International Atomic Energy Agency’s Board of Governors on Thursday.
“If Iran’s non-cooperation is not immediately remedied, including on the issues raised under the JCPOA agenda – especially the restoration of continuity of knowledge at karaj, –the Board will have no choice but to reconvene in extraordinary session before the end of this year in order to address the crisis,” US Charge d’Affaires Louis L. Bono told the IAEA Board of Governors.
The remarks came after IAEA Director-General Rafael Grossi told the Board of Governors that he was unable to reach an agreement with Tehran on his agency’s supervision of Iranian nuclear sites.
Iran has not allowed the IAEA access to the Karaj nuclear site. In addition, the agency and Iran have been working under an interim agreement since February, under which IAEA surveillance equipment would be operative at other sites, but the agency would not be able to access the footage from those cameras until a further agreement was reached.
“The repeated prolongation of the agreement, which has now been in place for around nine months, is becoming a significant challenge to the Agency’s ability to restore this continuity of knowledge,” Grossi said. “Continuity of knowledge at the [Karaj] workshop…has been widely recognized as essential in relation to a return to the JCPOA.”
The E3 – the UK, France and Germany – warned at the IAEA meeting that “as a result of its alarming pace of production, Iran’s total stockpile today contains enough fissile material that if enriched further could be used to produce more than one nuclear weapon, and accumulation of uranium enriched at 20% and 60% is further reducing the time Iran would take to break out toward a first nuclear weapon.”
In addition, Iran installed advanced centrifuge envelopment and developed knowledge critical to producing a nuclear weapon in the field of uranium metal.
A number of new generation Iranian centrifuges are seen on display during Iran's National Nuclear Energy Day in Tehran, Iran April 10, 2021 (credit: IRANIAN PRESIDENCY OFFICE/WANA (WEST ASIA NEWS AGENCY)/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS)
“Iran’s continued escalations are irreversibly reducing the counter-proliferation value of the JCPOA,” the E3 stated.
Still, they said, they are convinced that it is possible to reach an agreement for Iran to fully comply with the JCPOA, and that it is in the best interest of all parties to do so soon.
Iranian representative at the IAEA Mohammad Reza Ghaebi took issue with the European states being “unwilling to clearly condemn the illegal unilateral withdrawal of US [from the JCPOA] and re-imposition of its sanctions.” He called that withdrawal the root cause of the current dispute, and that it was “unreasonable” to expect restraint from Iran as long as US sanctions are in place.
Russia, however, sought to get Iran off the IAEA agenda and downplayed the issue’s importance.
“We hope that by the next session of the IAEA Board of Governors in March 2022, all the outstanding issues will be resolved and the item ‘[Non-Proliferation Treaty] Safeguards Agreement with the Islamic Republic of Iran’ will be forever taken off the Board agenda,” said Russian Ambassador to International Organizations in Vienna Mikhail Ulyanov.
He further tweeted that “in the IAEA BoG many delegations rightly say that safeguards-related outstanding issues remain on the agenda for too long. These issues have little practical meaning in terms of proliferation risks but serve as a constant irritant. They need to be clarified and closed.”
哈馬斯，伊斯蘭聖戰組織呼籲解僱批評“抵抗”的傑寧州長
除了傑寧難民營外，該市和附近村莊和城鎮的無政府狀態和無法無天的場面越來越多，接到了這個電話。
由哈利·阿布·托梅
發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 25 日 14:25
更新時間： 2021 年 11 月 25 日 16:35
戴著面紗和手套的哈馬斯支持者在傑寧參加反以色列集會。
（圖片來源：穆罕默德·托羅克曼/路透社）
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哈馬斯和巴勒斯坦伊斯蘭聖戰組織（PIJ）要求
巴勒斯坦權力機構主席馬哈茂德·阿巴斯解僱傑寧的巴勒斯坦總督。
這一要求是為了回應州長 Akram Rajoub 關於傑寧及其周邊地區普遍存在槍手和非法武器的聲明。
除了傑寧難民營（屬於各種武裝團體和幫派的槍手的據點）之外，該市和附近村莊和城鎮的無政府狀態和無法無天的場面越來越多，週四發出呼籲。
週四早些時候，槍手再次向杰寧的巴勒斯坦權力機構安全部隊總部開火。全員平安無事。在過去的幾個月裡，總部一直是幾次槍擊襲擊的目標。
阿巴斯已下令對武裝團體和個人進行安全鎮壓，其中一些人隸屬於他自己的法塔赫派系。
法塔赫武裝分子在約旦河西岸的一次示威中手持步槍。（信用：路透社）
上週，據報導，在數千名巴勒斯坦人參加了因新冠並發症去世的哈馬斯高級官員瓦斯菲卡巴哈的葬禮後，阿巴斯解散了傑寧巴勒斯坦權力機構安全部隊的指揮官。
數十名哈馬斯和 PIJ 槍手也參加了葬禮，在巴勒斯坦人看來這是對巴勒斯坦權力機構的直接挑戰。
本週早些時候，乘坐裝甲車進入傑寧難民營的巴勒斯坦權力機構安全人員遭到數十人襲擊，其中包括蒙面槍手。至少三人受傷。
營地中的消息人士稱，這些官員試圖逮捕薩米·拉赫，一名在巴勒斯坦權力機構的通緝犯名單上多年的逃犯。據消息人士稱，在試圖逮捕他時受輕傷的逃犯設法逃脫。
巴勒斯坦媒體援引傑寧省省長拉喬布的話說，他批評了他所在地區的武裝團體的活動。據報導，他說那裡不存在“武裝抵抗”團體，這意味著槍手只是罪犯，不隸屬於任何巴勒斯坦派系或參與針對以色列的恐怖主義活動。
儘管 Rajoub 否認了歸因於他的陳述，但哈馬斯和 PIJ 要求解僱他。他們還要求他為涉嫌冒犯巴勒斯坦“抵抗”團體而道歉。
哈馬斯發言人哈澤姆·卡西姆呼籲巴勒斯坦權力機構領導層為拉朱布的言論道歉，並解除他的傑寧州長職務。
卡西姆指責總督“侮辱傑寧人民、傑寧的烈士和抵抗組織。我們為傑寧市及其營地感到自豪，它是巴勒斯坦人持續抵抗、與占領的日常衝突以及烈士、傷員和囚犯無休止的犧牲的象徵。”
PIJ 官員 Khader Adnan 也呼籲解僱 Rajoub。根據阿德南的說法，巴勒斯坦權力機構安全部隊應對傑寧地區的“安全混亂”負責。
Hamas, Islamic Jihad call for firing Jenin governor who criticized 'resistance'
The call came amid increasing scenes of anarchy and lawlessness in the city and nearby villages and towns, in addition to the Jenin Refugee Camp.
By KHALED ABU TOAMEH
Published: NOVEMBER 25, 2021 14:25
Updated: NOVEMBER 25, 2021 16:35
Hamas supporters wearing veils and gloves take part in an anti-Israel rally in Jenin.
(photo credit: MOHAMAD TOROKMAN/REUTERS)
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Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) demanded that Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas fire the Palestinian governor of Jenin.
The demand came in response to statements attributed to the governor, Akram Rajoub, concerning the widespread presence of gunmen and illegal weapons in Jenin and its surroundings.
The call on Thursday came amid increasing scenes of anarchy and lawlessness in the city and nearby villages and towns, in addition to the Jenin refugee camp, a stronghold of gunmen belonging to various armed groups and gangs.
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Earlier on Thursday, gunmen again opened fire at the headquarters of the PA security forces in Jenin. No one was hurt. The headquarters have been the target of several shooting attacks in the past few months.
Abbas has ordered a security crackdown on the armed groups and individuals, some of whom are affiliated with his own Fatah faction.
FATAH GUNMEN hold rifles during a demonstration in the West Bank. (credit: REUTERS)
Last week, Abbas reportedly dismissed the commanders of the PA security forces in Jenin after thousands of Palestinians participated in the funeral of Wasfi Kabaha, a senior Hamas official who died of corona complications.
Dozens of Hamas and PIJ gunmen also participated in the funeral in a show of force seen by Palestinians as a direct challenge to the PA.
Earlier this week, PA security officers who entered the Jenin refugee camp in armored vehicles were attacked by dozens of people, including masked gunmen. At least three people were injured.
Sources in the camp said that the officers tried to arrest Sami al-Rakh, a fugitive who has been on the PA’s list of wanted criminals for several years. According to the sources, the fugitive, who was lightly injured during the attempt to arrest him, managed to escape.
Rajoub, the governor of Jenin, was quoted by a Palestinian media outlet as criticizing the activities of the armed groups in his district. He reportedly said there was no presence of “armed resistance” groups there, implying that the gunmen were just criminals who are not affiliated with any Palestinian faction or involved in terrorism against Israel.
Although Rajoub has denied the statements attributed to him, Hamas and PIJ called for his dismissal. They also demanded that he apologize for allegedly offending the Palestinian “resistance” groups.
Hamas spokesman Hazem Qassem called on the PA leadership to apologize for Rajoub’s remarks, and to dismiss him from the position of governor of Jenin.
Qassem accused the governor of “insulting the people of Jenin, its martyrs, and its resistance. We are proud of the city of Jenin and its camp, which represents a symbol of the ongoing Palestinian resistance, daily clashes with the occupation, and the endless sacrifices of martyrs, wounded and prisoners.”
PIJ official Khader Adnan also called for the firing of Rajoub. According to Adnan, the PA security forces are responsible for the “security chaos” in the Jenin area.
俄羅斯支持的針對烏克蘭的政變計劃於 12 月進行 - 澤倫斯基
總統沃洛德米爾·澤倫斯基表示，烏克蘭完全控制了其邊界，並準備好應對與俄羅斯的任何升級。
通過路透
發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 26 日 12:20
更新時間： 2021 年 11 月 26 日 14:11
代表克里姆林宮軍團遊行的俄羅斯軍人在莫斯科紅場進行閱兵彩排。
（圖片來源：路透社）
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烏克蘭總統澤連斯基週五在新聞發布會上說，烏克蘭發現了一場由俄羅斯人參與的未遂政變，原定於下週發生。
澤連斯基沒有提供政變陰謀的全部細節，也沒有指責俄羅斯政府參與其中，儘管他還在新聞發布會上詳細談到了俄羅斯軍事升級的威脅，並表示烏克蘭將為此做好準備。
克里姆林宮迅速否認參與任何政變陰謀，稱它沒有參與此類行動的計劃。
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俄羅斯一直在與烏克蘭接壤的邊界附近建立軍隊。基輔、美國和北約最近幾天都對俄羅斯可能發動的襲擊表示擔憂——克里姆林宮認為這一說法是虛假和危言聳聽。
“我們不僅面臨來自俄羅斯聯邦的挑戰，而且可能會升級——我們面臨著巨大的內部挑戰。我收到消息稱，12 月 1 日至 2 日，我們的國家將發生政變，”澤倫斯基說。
VOLODYMYR ZELENSKY（來源：TNS）
澤倫斯基補充說，烏克蘭有錄音作為政變陰謀的證據。
莫斯科和基輔最近幾週對緊張局勢升級進行了指責，這引發了人們擔心烏克蘭與俄羅斯支持的分離主義分子之間的長期衝突可能會爆發新的公開戰爭。
“我們完全控制了我們的邊界，並為任何升級做好了充分的準備，”澤倫斯基說。
探索迪拜最豪華的住宅由 Mansion Global 贊助
烏克蘭軍事情報部門負責人上週告訴《軍事時報》媒體，俄羅斯在烏克蘭邊境集結了 92,000 多名士兵，準備在 1 月底或 2 月初發動襲擊。
想加入北約軍事聯盟的烏克蘭今年早些時候收到了大量美國彈藥和標槍導彈，引發了莫斯科的批評。
澤倫斯基還表示，他的參謀長安德烈·耶爾馬克將很快就兩國之間的僵局與俄羅斯代表聯繫。另外，葉爾馬克表示他將聯繫克里姆林宮高級官員德米特里科扎克。
A Russia-backed coup against Ukraine planned for December - Zelensky
President Volodymyr Zelensky said that Ukraine was in full control of its borders and was ready for any escalation with Russia.
By REUTERS
Published: NOVEMBER 26, 2021 12:20
Updated: NOVEMBER 26, 2021 14:11
Russian servicemen representing the Kremlin Regiment march during a military parade rehearsal in Moscow's Red Square.
(photo credit: REUTERS)
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Ukraine has uncovered a plot for an attempted coup with the involvement of Russians, due to have taken place next week, President Volodymyr Zelensky said on Friday at a press conference.
Zelensky did not give full details of the coup plot and did not accuse the Russian state of involvement, though he also spoke at length at the press conference of a threat of Russian military escalation, and said Ukraine would be ready for it.
The Kremlin swiftly denied any role in any coup plot, saying it had no plans to take part in such acts.
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Russia has been building up forces near its border with Ukraine. Kyiv, the United States and NATO have voiced concerns in recent days about a possible Russian attack -- a suggestion the Kremlin has dismissed as false and alarmist.
"We have challenges not only from the Russian Federation and possible escalation - we have big internal challenges. I received information that a coup d'etat will take place in our country on Dec. 1-2," Zelensky said.
VOLODYMYR ZELENSKY (credit: TNS)
Ukraine had audio recordings as evidence of the coup plot, Zelensky added.
Moscow and Kyiv have traded blame for rising tensions in recent weeks, raising fears that a long-running conflict between Ukraine and Russian-backed separatists could erupt into renewed open warfare.
"We are in full control of our borders and are fully prepared for any escalation," Zelensky said.
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The head of Ukraine's military intelligence told the Military Times outlet last week that Russia had more than 92,000 troops massed around Ukraine's borders and was preparing for an attack by the end of January or beginning of February.
Ukraine, which wants to join the NATO military alliance, received a large consignment of US ammunition and Javelin missiles earlier this year, prompting criticism from Moscow.
Zelensky also said his chief of staff Andriy Yermak would soon be contacting representatives of Russia about the standoff between the two countries. Separately, Yermak said he would be contacting senior Kremlin official Dmitry Kozak.
里拉崩跌！土耳其人苦難降臨 敲鍋打盆抗議百物漲
2021-11-25 14:44 中央社 / 安卡拉特稿土耳其
與同年初相比，土耳其里拉當前跌幅逾2018年夏季貨幣危機時；23日一天內連破兩個整數關口後，民眾上街敲鍋打盆抗議百物皆漲。「今天沒買明天就買不起」的心態令人苦不堪言。圖為伊斯坦堡抗議政府經濟政策的人群。美聯社
與同年初相比，土耳其里拉當前跌幅逾2018年夏季貨幣危機時；23日一天內連破兩個整數關口後，民眾上街敲鍋打盆抗議百物皆漲。「今天沒買明天就買不起」的心態令人苦不堪言。
「冬天到了，我們得幫小孩買靴子和外套，但是這個月只能夠買靴子，大概沒辦法買外套。」芳達（Funda Ozdemir）說：「今年想要在同一個月把兩件必要商品買齊，那根本不可能。」
她告訴中央社記者：「沒辦法像去年那樣了。」
家住安卡拉巿中心的芳達昨晚與丈夫厄茲德米爾（Hamza Ozdemir）帶著兩個小孩到麵包店採買，本來1個只賣1里拉（約新台幣2.32元）的麵包已經漲到1.75里拉，明天開始還會再漲到2.25里拉。
「百物皆漲。」老闆娘迪列卡．阿坎（Dilek Akkan）說：「外幣漲那麼兇，麵粉、油、電費、瓦斯、稅金，我們總得反映成本。」
厄茲德米爾說：「只有薪水沒有漲。」
安卡拉昨晚天氣濕冷，麵包店對面的超級巿場門可羅雀。不過老闆阿拉克（Cengiz Alak）否認生意不好跟天氣有關。
他說：「土耳其巿場正在出現兩種情況：人變窮、原物料短缺，巿場因為經濟危機而面臨極大不確定性。」
土耳其通膨率從1月的14.97%，8月以來的3個月分別飆至19.25%、19.58%、19.89%。自詡「利率敵人」的總統艾爾段（Recep Tayyip Erdogan）認為緊縮政策無法抗通膨，施壓央行政策轉向積極寬鬆周期。央行貫徹總統意志，9月23日、10月21日、11月18日分別逆勢降息100、200、100個基點，加劇里拉貶值。
2018年里拉貨幣危機時，兌1美元匯價還在「7里拉保衛戰」。那個夏天里拉曾日跌16%、較當年初跌40%。
然而，里拉兌美元匯價本月12日、18日分別貶破1美元兌10里拉、11里拉兩個心理關卡。艾爾段22日晚間繼續抗拒緊縮，矢言在「經濟獨立戰爭」中致勝。此一政策宣示變成里拉的重大「破口」，23日一天內甚至接連跌破1美元兌12、13里拉兩個整數關口，單日貶值15%，連續第11個交易日創新低。
里拉兌美元今年以來累計下跌45%，幅度較2018年夏季有過之而無不及。
高通膨讓民眾成為驚弓之鳥，對價格波動無比敏感。能源與自然資源部長唐梅茲（Fatih Donmez）日前宣布於今天凌晨零時調漲油品價格。結果加油站昨天下午開始大排長龍，直到深夜都還排到馬路上。
安卡拉巿中心某加油站業者昨晚告訴中央社記者，他所屬公司這次汽油每公升漲1.02里拉、柴油1.06里拉、液化石油氣（LPG）0.65里拉，漲幅分別達11.7%、12%、9.3%。
「美元變貴那麼多，導致（土耳其國內）百物皆漲。」深夜開車排隊加油的顧客柯爾達（Efe Kirdag）說：「我們現在都不知道價格明天又會變怎樣。現在賣1里拉的商品明天可能會賣2里拉、3里拉，我們無論如何都要現在就買到。」
「麵包不能買來放，但是油料存放個幾天倒還可以。」加油島另一側的顧客卡雅（Suleyman Yahlcin Kaya）坐在駕駛座上受訪時說。
坐在副駕駛座的卡雅妻子艾滕（Ayten Yahlcin Kaya）說，大家都很緊張，因為漲價太迅猛了，「人們非常不安」。
獨立新聞網站Bianet報導，光是11月以來里拉已貶值32%，幅度之高舉世無雙，把民眾逼上街頭，針對經濟危機和生活費飆高沉痛怒吼。在野黨呼籲將原定2023年登場的總統和國會大選提前舉行之際，示威群眾要求執政的正義發展黨（AKP）政府辭職。
反對派媒體Tele1電視台報導，首都安卡拉和第一大城伊斯坦堡之外，西南部的第3大城伊茲米爾（Izmir）、中部艾斯基瑟希（Eskisehir）、北部黑海濱的薩姆森（Samsun）、西北部柯加里省（Kocaeli）等地，23日晚間都有民眾走上街頭。電視畫面可以聽見暗夜示威的群眾猛敲鍋碗瓢盆表達不滿。
位在安卡拉、擁有熱衷社運傳統的頂尖大學中東科技大學（METU）學生高喊「中東科技大學槓上正義發展黨」，要求政府下台。土耳其工人黨（Workers’ Party of Turkey）約50名成員則在卡拉科伊區（Karakoy）中央銀行伊斯坦堡分行前方拉起寫有「你們搞砸了、等著被起訴、政府下台」布條。
報導認為，艾爾段的非典型貨幣政策觀點加速近期里拉貶值。中央社記者詢問超巿老闆阿拉克，里拉暴貶是否起因於總統時，他沒有就此直接回應。
「我覺得是中央銀行失策造成的。」他說。
「我非常擔心，不知道明天會怎麼樣，很害怕。」阿拉克表示：「每個人都很驚恐，接下來還會發生什麼事？價格還要漲到什麼程度呢？」
亞伯拉罕協議正在幫助以色列改變中東
外交事務：與海灣國家的交易如何幫助以色列改善與其“第一代”阿拉伯夥伴的關係。
作者：HERB KEINON
發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 25 日 20:22
能源部長 Karin Elharrar 本週在迪拜與約旦簽署了氣候合作協議。
（照片來源：禮貌）
廣告
現任美國總統喬拜登氣候特使的前美國國務卿約翰克里終於在周一幫助敲定並觀看了中東協議的簽署。
然而，這並不是一項以色列-巴勒斯坦協議，前國防部長摩西·亞阿隆稱克里對中介活動“痴迷於救世主”。
相反，這是以色列、阿拉伯聯合酋長國和約旦在迪拜簽署的三方能源-水協議。
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以色列在重啟伊朗核談判之前發起外交閃電戰
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根據該協議，阿聯酋一家國有公司將在約旦南部建造一座大型太陽能設施，然後將能源出售給以色列。反過來，以色列將建造一個新的海水淡化廠，或者通過其現有的海水淡化設施每年向約旦提供約 2 億立方米的水，使其目前出售給哈希姆王國的海水淡化量翻了兩番。
克里與阿聯酋王儲穆罕默德·本·扎耶德站在一起，看著能源和水資源部長 Karin Elharrar、阿聯酋氣候變化部長 Mariam Almheiri 和約旦水利和灌溉部長 Mohammed Al-Najjar 簽署了協議。
具有諷刺意味的是，克里在 2016 年的一次會議上說，如果不首先簽署，以色列永遠不會與任何阿拉伯國家達成單獨的和平。與巴勒斯坦人達成協議。
(LR) 環境保護部長 Tamar Zandberg、能源部長 Karin Elharrar 和 John Kerry。（信用：禮貌）
他強調，這不僅不會發生，而且他完全確定這不會發生。
“我聽到以色列的幾位著名政治家有時說，嗯，阿拉伯世界現在在不同的地方，我們只需要與他們接觸，我們可以與阿拉伯世界合作，我們將處理這些問題。巴勒斯坦人。不，不，不，不，”克里在 2016 年的薩班會議上說。
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“沒有巴勒斯坦進程和巴勒斯坦和平，阿拉伯世界就不會取得進展和單獨的和平，”他完全肯定地繼續說道。“每個人都需要明白這一點。這是一個嚴峻的現實。”
這些評論是在克里任職的奧巴馬政府在其任期的最後一個月通過一項措辭嚴厲的聯合國安理會反定居點決議之前不到一個月發表的，就在克里在國務院發表漫無邊際的天鵝歌演講之前在中東，他將與巴勒斯坦人的外交僵局歸咎於以色列。
然而，週一他在那裡，站在阿聯酋王儲旁邊，看著果實從他非常確定永遠不會實現的單獨和平協議類型中成熟，並且沒有採取任何行動。
週一簽署的協議的重要性不僅限於向以色列供應可再生能源和向約旦供應淡化水。這筆交易將亞伯拉罕協議產生的利益轉移到該地區的其他國家，而不僅僅是以色列與之達成協議的每個阿拉伯國家：阿聯酋、巴林、摩洛哥和蘇丹。
正如 Ghaith al-Omari 和 Simon Henderson 在華盛頓近東政策研究所的一篇文章中所寫的那樣，這筆交易“展示了建立在亞伯拉罕協議基礎上的其他方式。
他們寫道：“到目前為止，圍繞該協議的大部分外交活動都集中在增加新國家或深化以色列與其新夥伴之間的雙邊關係上。” “這些努力應該繼續下去，但太陽能/水資源協議表明這些協議可以同時加深以色列與第一代阿拉伯和平締造者的關係。”
鑑於以色列與這兩個國家的關係被定義為冷和平，尤其是最近與約旦的關係，深化以色列與“第一代阿拉伯和平締造者”，即約旦和埃及的關係至關重要。
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這筆交易可能會大大升溫與約旦的關係，貝內特政府試圖將其置於比本傑明·內塔尼亞胡總理治下時更健康的基礎上。
納夫塔利·貝內特總理在上任後立即這樣做，秘密前往安曼會見阿卜杜拉二世國王，並宣布以色列將增加在該國出售的淡化水量。
該協議還將兩國之間的關係排除在安全領域之外，除以色列向約旦出售天然氣外，迄今為止幾乎完全處於休息狀態，並將其擴大到民用領域。
然而，並不是每個人都在歡呼。反映這一點的是英國反以色列的《中東觀察》的一篇文章，該文章援引“巴勒斯坦專家”薩利赫·納阿米的話說，這筆交易“證明約旦政權越來越多地為以色列的利益服務”。
Naami 表示，該計劃將使“定居點”受益，並允許以色列將其工業廢物傾倒在約旦。
他說：“約旦南部有沙漠，這將用於建造一座大型太陽能發電廠來發電，然後出口到內蓋夫和約旦河西岸的以色列定居點。” “部分以色列工業基礎設施排放的污染對以色列人口稠密地區造成危害，將以僱用約旦工人為藉口，搬遷到約旦沙漠。”
儘管有這些情緒——約旦強烈反對與以色列的任何合作肯定會得到回應——該協議可以作為與約旦和埃及進一步合作的一個例子，並展示亞伯拉罕協議如何改變以色列地區。
兩天后出現了另一個例子，當時國防部長本尼·甘茨飛往摩洛哥進行為期兩天的訪問，這是以色列國防部長首次訪問以色列因《亞伯拉罕協定》而開始與之合作的國家之一。
國防部發表聲明說，甘茨和他的摩洛哥同事阿卜杜拉蒂夫·盧迪伊簽署了一項開創性的國防諒解備忘錄。
讓它沉入一會兒。以色列國防部長前往一個多年來拒絕承認與以色列有任何關係的阿拉伯國家，並簽署了一份國防備忘錄，“使兩國之間的防務關係正式化”，並“為支持未來的任何合作奠定了基礎”。
聲明稱，這份備忘錄將使兩國的國防機構能夠“在情報、工業合作、軍事和訓練領域加強合作”。
三年前，這樣的發展似乎是一個白日夢。本週，摩洛哥媒體報導了該協議將如何在摩洛哥製造配備以色列技術的無人機，以及上週這個北非國家如何購買以色列的 SKYLOCK 圓頂系統——一種檢測和摧毀敵方無人機的反無人機武器.
據《北非郵報》報導，“以色列的軍事裝備和技術賦予摩洛哥在該地區的戰略優勢和優勢，讓阿爾及利亞的將軍們，事實上的統治者，極度緊張。”
事實上，摩洛哥的鄰國和宿敵阿爾及利亞對摩洛哥與以色列的和解以及美國因拉巴特加入亞伯拉罕協定而承認摩洛哥對西撒哈拉的主權感到憤怒。阿爾及利亞長期以來一直支持西撒哈拉的波利薩里奧陣線對抗摩洛哥。
在外交部長亞伊爾·拉皮德 8 月訪問摩洛哥後不久，阿爾及利亞與摩洛哥斷絕了關係，拉皮德在拉巴特發表的講話表達了對阿爾及利亞在該地區的作用及其與伊朗的關係的擔憂，這是此舉的眾多藉口之一。
如果阿爾及利亞對以色列外交部長的訪問感到憤怒，那麼人們只能想像現在這個猶太國家的國防部長在拉巴特進行正式訪問並談論安全合作和武器交易，它一定是多麼激動。
阿爾及利亞對以色列-摩洛哥和解的一個反應是與伊朗建立更密切的關係，這種友誼只會推動摩洛哥和以色列進一步相互擁抱——進一步證明亞伯拉罕協議如何徹底重新調整該地區。
Abraham Accords are helping Israel transform the Middle East
DIPLOMATIC AFFAIRS: How the deal with the Gulf states is helping Israel improve relations with its ‘first generation’ of Arab partners.
By HERB KEINON
Published: NOVEMBER 25, 2021 20:22
ENERGY MINISTER Karin Elharrar signs a climate cooperation deal with Jordan in Dubai this week.
(photo credit: Courtesy)
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John Kerry, the former US secretary of state currently serving as President Joe Biden’s special climate envoy, finally got to help hammer out and watch the signing of a Middle East agreement on Monday.
It wasn’t, however, an Israeli-Palestinian accord, one that former defense minister Moshe Ya’alon said Kerry was “obsessive and messianic” about brokering.
Rather, it was the signing in Dubai of a tripartite energy-water accord between Israel, the United Arabs and Jordan.
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Under this accord, a government-owned UAE firm will build a massive solar energy facility in southern Jordan, which will then sell the energy to Israel. Israel, in turn, will either build a new desalination plant or provide Jordan – via its current desalination facilities – with some 200 million cubic meters of water per year, quadrupling the amount of desalinated water it currently sells the Hashemite Kingdom.
Kerry, standing alongside UAE Crown Prince Mohammed bin Zayed, looked on as Energy and Water Resources Minister Karin Elharrar, UAE Climate Change Minister Mariam Almheiri, and Jordan Water and Irrigation Minister Mohammed Al-Najjar signed the agreement.
The irony was striking since it was Kerry – in a terrible prediction that will always accompany a discussion of his Mideast diplomatic legacy – who famously said, at a conference in 2016, that Israel would never reach a separate peace with any Arab nation without first signing an agreement with the Palestinians.
(L-R) Environmental Protection Minister Tamar Zandberg, Energy Minister Karin Elharrar and John Kerry. (credit: Courtesy)
Not only would this not happen, he stressed, but he was completely sure it would not happen.
“I’ve heard several prominent politicians in Israel sometimes saying, well, the Arab world is in a different place now, we just have to reach out to them and we can work some things with the Arab world and we’ll deal with the Palestinians. No, no, no and no,” Kerry said at the Saban Conference in 2016.
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“There will be no advance and separate peace with the Arab world without the Palestinian process and Palestinian peace,” he continued with complete certainty. “Everybody needs to understand that. That is a hard reality.”
Those comments came less than a month before the Obama administration, in which Kerry served, enabled during its final month in office a sharply worded anti-settlement UN Security Council resolution, and just before Kerry delivered a rambling swan-song speech at the State Department on the Mideast where he pinned the onus of the blame for the diplomatic stalemate with the Palestinians on Israel.
Yet, there he was on Monday, standing next to the UAE crown prince, watching the fruits ripen from just precisely the type of separate peace agreement that he was so certain would never materialize, and did nothing to advance.
The importance of what was signed on Monday goes beyond the supply of renewable energy to Israel and desalinated water to Jordan. This deal moves the benefits to be accrued from the Abraham Accords to other countries in the region, and not just to each of the Arab countries with which Israel reached an agreement: the UAE, Bahrain, Morocco and Sudan.
As Ghaith al-Omari and Simon Henderson wrote in an article for the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, this deal “demonstrates additional ways to build on the Abraham Accords.
“So far, most of the diplomatic activity surrounding the accords has focused on adding new countries or deepening bilateral relations between Israel and its new partners,” they wrote. “These efforts should be continued, but the solar/water deal shows how the accords can simultaneously deepen Israel’s relations with the first generation of Arab peacemakers.”
And deepening Israel’s relations with “the first generation of Arab peacemakers,” namely Jordan and Egypt, is critically important, given that Israel’s relations with both those countries have been defined as a cold peace, especially – of late – with Jordan.
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This deal could significantly warm up ties with Jordan, which the Bennett government has tried to put on a healthier footing than was the case under prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
Prime Minister Naftali Bennett did this immediately after taking office by secretly traveling to Amman to meet King Abdullah II, and by announcing that Israel would increase the amount of desalinated water sold in the kingdom.
The deal also takes the relationship between the two countries beyond the security field, where – with the exception of Israel’s sale of natural gas to Jordan – it has rested almost exclusively until now, and widens it to the civilian realm.
Not everyone was cheering, however. Reflective of this was an article in the anti-Israel UK-based Middle East Monitor, which quoted “Palestinian expert” Saleh al-Naami as saying the deal “proves that the Jordanian regime is increasingly serving Israeli interests.”
Naami said the plan will benefit the “settlements” and allow Israel to dump its industrial waste on Jordan.
“Jordan has the desert in the south, and this will be used for a massive solar plant to generate electricity to be exported to the Israeli settlements in the Negev and the West Bank,” he said. “Part of the Israeli industrial infrastructure, which has polluting emissions that harm the densely populated areas in Israel, will be relocated to the Jordanian desert under the pretext of hiring Jordanian workers.”
Notwithstanding these sentiments – which will surely be echoed by those in Jordan fiercely opposed to any cooperation with Israel – the deal could serve as an example for further cooperation with Jordan, as well as with Egypt, and demonstrates just how the Abraham Accords are transforming the region.
ANOTHER EXAMPLE came two days later, when Defense Minister Benny Gantz flew to Morocco for a two-day visit, the first visit by an Israeli defense minister to one of the countries with which Israel has begun to cooperate as a result of the Abraham Accords.
The Defense Ministry released a statement saying that Gantz and his Moroccan colleague Abdellatif Loudiyi signed a groundbreaking defense memorandum of understanding.
Let that sink in for a moment. Israel’s defense minister went to an Arab state that for years refused to acknowledge any ties with Israel, and signed a defense memorandum that “formalizes defense relations” between the two countries and “establishes a foundation that will support any future cooperation.”
This memorandum will enable the defense establishments of both countries to enjoy “increased cooperation in the fields of intelligence, industrial collaboration, military and training,” the statement read.
Three years ago, such a development would have seemed a pipe dream. This week the Moroccan press ran stories of how the agreement will enable the manufacture in Morocco of killer drones equipped with Israeli technology, and last week how the North African country bought Israel’s SKYLOCK dome system – an anti-drone weapon that detects and destroys enemy drones.
According to The North African Post, “The Israeli military equipment and technologies give Morocco a strategic advantage and superiority in the region, making Algerian generals, de facto rulers, extremely nervous.”
Indeed, Algeria – Morocco’s neighbor and arch-foe – was infuriated by the Moroccan-Israel rapprochement and the fact that the US recognized Morocco’s sovereignty over Western Sahara as a result of Rabat joining the Abraham Accords. Algeria has long backed the Polisario Front in Western Sahara against Morocco.
Shortly following the visit of Foreign Minister Yair Lapid to Morocco in August, Algeria severed ties with Morocco, using remarks Lapid made in Rabat voicing concerns about Algeria’s role in the region and its relationship with Iran as one of many pretenses for the move.
If Algeria was infuriated by the visit of Israel’s foreign minister, one can only imagine how it must be steaming now that the Jewish state’s defense minister was hosted in Rabat on a formal visit and talked about security cooperation and arms deals.
One Algerian reaction to the Israeli-Moroccan rapprochement has been closer ties with Iran, a friendship that will only drive Morocco and Israel further into each other’s embrace – further proof of how the Abraham Accords have thoroughly realigned the region.
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