On August 20th, 1989, Lyle and Erik Menendez shot and killed their own parents. Until then, this Beverly Hills family had been a portrait of the American Dream. How did it go so wrong? To listen to all four episodes of 'The Menendez Brothers' right now and ad-free, go to IntoHistory.com . Subscribers enjoy uninterrupted listening, early releases, bonus content and more, only available at IntoHistory.com . If you or someone you know is in crisis, there is free help available at mhanational.org Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices…
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The Rise of the Protestants
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Manage series 3620302
محتوای ارائه شده توسط Shaughan Holt. تمام محتوای پادکست شامل قسمت‌ها، گرافیک‌ها و توضیحات پادکست مستقیماً توسط Shaughan Holt یا شریک پلتفرم پادکست آن‌ها آپلود و ارائه می‌شوند. اگر فکر می‌کنید شخصی بدون اجازه شما از اثر دارای حق نسخه‌برداری شما استفاده می‌کند، می‌توانید روندی که در اینجا شرح داده شده است را دنبال کنید.https://fa.player.fm/legal
This series traces a movement that redefined key Christian beliefs, resulting in the split of Christianity into Catholicism and Protestant groups.
On 10 December 1520, Martin Luther provoked the Catholic Church by publicly burning Pope Leo X's papal bull, "Exsurge Domine."
A century later, a group of English settlers known as the "Saints and Strangers" set sail from Plymouth Sound, England.
They arrived at their new home, Plymouth Harbour, on 16 December 1620, bringing Protestantism from Europe to the New World.
This podcast explores the story of the one hundred years that led to their departure.
Out of the beginnings of organised English Puritanism and Separatism arose an epic tale of how, through good fortune and the courage of a relatively few ordinary people, they could stand against those with evil intentions and change the world.
This tale is as grand as Greek or Roman mythology, but unlike mythology, it is true.
12 قسمت
اشتراک گذاری
علامت گذاری همه پخش شده(نشده) ...
Manage series 3620302
محتوای ارائه شده توسط Shaughan Holt. تمام محتوای پادکست شامل قسمت‌ها، گرافیک‌ها و توضیحات پادکست مستقیماً توسط Shaughan Holt یا شریک پلتفرم پادکست آن‌ها آپلود و ارائه می‌شوند. اگر فکر می‌کنید شخصی بدون اجازه شما از اثر دارای حق نسخه‌برداری شما استفاده می‌کند، می‌توانید روندی که در اینجا شرح داده شده است را دنبال کنید.https://fa.player.fm/legal
This series traces a movement that redefined key Christian beliefs, resulting in the split of Christianity into Catholicism and Protestant groups.
On 10 December 1520, Martin Luther provoked the Catholic Church by publicly burning Pope Leo X's papal bull, "Exsurge Domine."
A century later, a group of English settlers known as the "Saints and Strangers" set sail from Plymouth Sound, England.
They arrived at their new home, Plymouth Harbour, on 16 December 1620, bringing Protestantism from Europe to the New World.
This podcast explores the story of the one hundred years that led to their departure.
Out of the beginnings of organised English Puritanism and Separatism arose an epic tale of how, through good fortune and the courage of a relatively few ordinary people, they could stand against those with evil intentions and change the world.
This tale is as grand as Greek or Roman mythology, but unlike mythology, it is true.
12 قسمت
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Send us a text The artwork is a commemorative stone located in the churchyard of St. Giles in Northampton, part of a memorial dedicated to Robert Browne. The music performed is "This Is the Record of John," arranged by Nico Muhly and played by the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra. This verse anthem was composed by Orlando Gibbons (1583–1625) and is an Anglican-style piece that draws inspiration from a passage in the Gospel of John from the Geneva Bible. When sung, the lyrics are taken from the Gospel of John in the Geneva Bible, and the composition reflects the distinctive Anglican style that was prevalent during that time In late 1581, Robert Browne's congregation, known as the Brownists, was compelled to relocate to Middelburg in Zeeland. Middelburg, a medieval walled city in the Zeeland province of southwest Holland, was a refuge for fleeing Puritans. After unsuccessful attempts to reform the English Church in Middelburg, Browne shifted his focus to the stronghold of Presbyterianism in Edinburgh, Scotland. While Scottish Presbyterians may have agreed with him theologically, they did not share his views on church organisation. Upon returning to England, Browne had to confront the consequences of his actions again. Robert Browne was an active Separatist from 1579 to 1585, after which he returned to the Church of England. Following Browne's compliance in 1587, the Brownist movement revived in London. Henry Barrow and John Greenwood led this revival, both of whom were arrested and placed in custody. While imprisoned, they secretly authored numerous books on Brownist theology and engaged in passionate polemics against perceived societal injustices. In the early 17th century, John Robinson and John Smyth established religious communities in northern England known as Brownist congregations.…
Send us a text The podcast, focuses on history, particularly the English Separatist movement and its ties to the broader evolution of the Christian faith. At its heart is a story that describes the progression and global impact of the Protestant faith. It records how an emerging movement reshaped core Christian beliefs, partitioning Western Christianity into Roman Catholicism and new Protestant groups. The narrative is organised chronologically, beginning in the early 16th century with Martin Luther's excommunication and ending in 1620 at Plymouth Harbour, highlighting the transformative journeys of ordinary people. The first series consists of twelve episodes, featuring figures like Robert Browne, known for founding the first Congregational church. The podcast aims not to influence beliefs but to explore significant historical events. The artwork is Exsurge Domine , 'Arise, O Lord'. It is the cover page of the Papal Bull promulgated or ‘exposed to public view’, on 15 June 1520 by Pope Leo X. It was issued in response to Martin Luther's teachings, which contradicted the beliefs upheld by the Catholic Church. The Music accompaniment is Dies Irae, or The Day of Wrath' . This is a medieval Latin poem, best known for its use in the Roman Rite Requiem, Mass for the Dead, and funeral Mass.…
Send us a text The Artwork is a Painted portrait of Martin Luther, 1528 Artist:Lucas Cranach the Elder (1472–1553) Painting Location: The Coburg Fortress, a medieval fortress, situated above the town of Coburg, in the Upper Franconia region of Bavaria, Germany. The Music is Kyrie, from the Gregorian Plainsong Mass, Missa Orbis Factor. This episode examines the origins of a Protestant movement that significantly altered fundamental Christian beliefs. The term "Protestant" originated from the Protestation at Speyer in 1529, where nobles opposed the decrees from the Diet of Worms that threatened the forfeiture of property for supporters of Lutheranism. Martin Luther, a German priest, theologian, religious reformer, author, and Augustinian friar, was born on November 10, 1483, in Saxony. He was a key figure in the 16th-century Protestant Reformation and is often regarded as the pivotal leader of the movement whose followers became known as Lutherans. Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam was one of the leading activists and thinkers of the European Renaissance. A man of remarkable intellect, he played a significant role in defining the humanist movement in Northern Europe. At this point, it is also important to understand the concept of predestination. The Puritans believed that at the time of the world's creation, God had already predetermined who would be saved or condemned. Lastly, it is essential to mention William Tyndale, who is widely regarded as the greatest English biblical scholar.…
Send us a text The Artwork is: The cover page of the Coverdale Bible , which was first printed in 1535 . The Music is: Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott , 'A Mighty Fortress Is Our God'; Composer: Martin Luther. In this episode, we discuss the life and death of Thomas More, author, statesman, and noted Renaissance humanist. We then focus on Myles Coverdale, an important English Bible translator and reformer. Working alone, Coverdale carried out his mission independently, successfully creating the first fully printed English Bible, commonly known as The Coverdale Bible. Our story then leads us to Thomas Cranmer, who was born in Nottinghamshire to a family with connections to the local gentry. Printed in Antwerp in 1537, the Matthew Bible was an early compilation of English translations of the Bible's books. The Great Bible of 1539 was the first edition of the Bible in English, authorised by King Henry VIII of England to be read aloud in the church services of England. Three key English Bibles - the Great Bible published in 1539, the Bishops' Bible in 1568, and the King James Bible in 1611 - were all significantly influenced by Tyndale's biblical translations. His work profoundly influenced later English translations and played a crucial role in the development and widespread use of the English language.…
Send us a text The Artwork is The Family of Henry VIII, c. 1543-1547 The Music is John Taverner: Quemadmodum , Psalm 42, c.1540 . In 1547, King Henry VIII's nine-year-old son, Edward VI, became the first English monarch raised as a Protestant. John Calvin, a notable French Protestant reformer, was a key figure in the second wave of the Protestant Reformation. He published his influential work, "Institutes of the Christian Religion." During the 16th-century Protestant Reformation, Anabaptism emerged as a movement that distinguished itself from the Catholic Church through its unique principle of adult baptism. John Calvin was born on 10 July 1509 in Picardy, France. He was a French theologian and pastor in Geneva during the Protestant Reformation. As the leading French Protestant reformer, he played a crucial role in the second generation of the Protestant Reformation. His interpretation of Christianity, presented in "Institutes of the Christian Religion," first published in Basel, Switzerland, became a seminal work of systematic theology. Ulrich Zwingli was born in the Swiss Confederation on 1 January 1484 in Wildhaus. He led the Reformation in Switzerland during a period of emerging Swiss patriotism, believing that the state was governed with divine sanction and that the church and state were subject to God's sovereign rule. Peter Martyr Vermigli was born in Florence on 8 September 1499. He was a leading Italian religious reformer whose primary focus was Eucharistic doctrine.…
Send us a text The Artwork is Portrait of Mary by Antonis Mor. c.1554 The Music is The Lord is my light and my salvation (Psalm: 27) Anglican chant. After Edward's death, Lady Jane Grey was proclaimed Queen on 10 July 1553 and was held safely in the Tower of London, awaiting her coronation. Upon hearing of Edward's death, Mary Tudor, fearing for her safety, escaped to East Anglia, where she owned several estates. On 1 October 1553, Stephen Gardiner, an English Catholic bishop, crowned Mary Tudor as Mary I, Queen of England and Ireland, at Westminster Abbey. Mary was the first queen to rule England in her own right. She became known as "Bloody Mary" due to her persecution and execution of Protestants. Throughout her reign, she ordered the execution of 280 Protestants by burning them at the stake as heretics, in a failed attempt to restore Catholicism in England. Her reign led to the emergence of a clandestine Protestant church in London, as a reaction to her enforcement of Catholicism as England's official religion. It was on waste ground beyond the ditch, now the site of Broad Street, that the three Protestant martyrs of Oxford, Cranmer, Ridley, and Latimerwere burned at the stake. The trial of Thomas Cranmer began on 12 September 1555, held under papal jurisdiction, with Rome determining the final verdict. The first Vestments controversy, or Vestarian Controversy, arose during the English Reformation concerning the wearing of vestments and clerical dress. This controversy marked the first significant attack in the Puritans' campaign for reform.…
Send us a text The artwork is the cover from an original copy of the Geneva Bible dated 1560 . The Geneva Bible is one of the most historically significant translations of the Bible into English, preceding the Douay Rheims Bible by 22 years, and the King James Version by 51 years. It was the primary Bible of 16th-century English Protestantism and was used by William Shakespeare, Oliver Cromwell, John Knox, John Donne and others. It was one of the Bibles taken to America on the Mayflower and its frontispiece inspired Benjamin Franklin's design for the first Great Seal of the United States. Benjamin Franklin's design for the Great Seal of the United States featured a scene from the Exodus in the Bible. The design illustrated Moses parting the Red Sea with his staff, while Pharaoh and his chariots were submerged by the waters. Franklin's design also included the motto:- "Rebellion to tyrants is obedience to God." The Music is I Greet Thee, Who My Sure Redeemer Art, Sung by the Capitol Hill Baptist Church, Washington, D.C. A uthor: Anonymous. Source: French, 1545; French Psalter, Strasbourg, 1545. First published in 1560, the Geneva Bible was a groundbreaking work that represented a remarkable achievement in Renaissance scholarship, printing, and Reformation theology. John Knox , a Scottish minister, theologian, and writer, played a crucial role in shaping the Church of Scotland. His work and ministry also contributed to developing the Puritan movement in Elizabethan England. John Calvin spent much of his life as a minister in Geneva. His ideas, actions, and sermons greatly influenced the Protestant Reformation and transformed Geneva into Europe's intellectual capital. Theodore Beza established the Academy of Geneva using Strasbourg's successful model. By the end of the sixteenth century, many distinguished Englishmen had made Geneva an essential place to study. In 1545, John Bale published his book, "The Image of Both Churches," which provides a detailed commentary on the Book of Revelation, the final book of the Christian Bible.…
Send us a text The Artwork isa Portrait of Elizabeth I, Queen of England, by anonymous Artist. It location is The Rijks Museum, Amsterdam. The Music is The Volta, a couples' renaissance dance . The Protestant exiles, who had fled Mary’s revived heresy laws and executions, were beginning to return to England and campaign for ecclesiastical reforms. They sought to recreate the pattern of church life recorded in Scripture without vestments and prelates such as cardinals, abbots, or bishops. When Elizabeth became Queen, she worked with the Privy Council, intending to devise a religious settlement that would unite the country under a single Church. The Elizabethan Religious Settlement, introduced in 1558, aimed to bridge the gap between Catholics and Protestants and address the variations in their religious services and beliefs. It attempted to make England Protestant again, without alienating a population that had previously supported Catholicism under her sister Mary. Heinrich Bullinger was a Swiss reformer and theologian; he succeeded Ulrich Zwingli as head of the Zurich church and pastor at Grossmünster. His publication “The Decades” was the most famous of the 150 treatises and manuscripts he wrote.…
Send us a text The Artwork is A Miniature of Mary Queen of Scots . c 1559 by François Clouet. This exquisite miniature is related to a drawing by the artist François Clouet, held in the Bibliothèque nationale de France Paris, likely dated slightly earlier to 1555. Her clothing is updated in the miniature, particularly the detail of the ruff in the drawing, which is changed into an open-standing collar. The original drawing is only bust-length, whereas the miniature includes the sitter's hands, indicating their significance to the portrait's function. The gesture of placing a ring on the fourth finger of her right hand is thought to allude to Mary Queen of Scots's marriage to the French Dauphin, the future Francis the Second, in 1558. This portrait was commissioned by the French royal family from their court artist to commemorate the royal marriage. The size and details of the miniature are: A watercolour, 8.3 x 5.7 cm, on a canvas panel stretcher. The miniature was almost certainly Queen Elizabeth I's personal possession and would later become part of the Royal Collection. The Royal Collection of the British Royal Family is the most extensive private art collection in the world. It is held in trust by The King, as Sovereign, for his successors and the nation. He does not own it as a private individual. The Collection was formed mainly after the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660. Following Charles I's execution in 1649, most of the King's possessions were sold by order of the Lord Protector, Oliver Cromwell. The Music is Alas Madame. French , Bayeux Manuscript (English: Alas my Lady) The Bayeux Manuscript is an illustrated manuscript that contains one hundred and three songs, and was compiled by Charles III, Duke of Bourbon, in the early 16th century. These songs were composed in the late 15th century, shortly after the conclusion of the Hundred Years' War. The manuscript is housed in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France. Some contents of the episode are: The Thirty-nine Articles of Religion. The Convocation of 1563. The second part of the Vestiarian Controversy. Foxe's Book of Martyrs.…
Send us a text The artwork is The International Monument to the Reformation , commonly referred to as the Reformation Wall, which was inaugurated in 1909 in Geneva, Switzerland. The Wall, stands within the premises of the University of Geneva, honouring the legacy of John Calvin, its founder. At the center of the monument, from left to right, are four statues that are five meters tall, representing key figures of Calvinism: - William Farel (1489–1565) - John Calvin (1509–1564) - Theodore Beza (1519–1605) - John Knox (c. 1513–1572) To the left of the central statues are three-meter-tall statues of: - Frederick William of Brandenburg (1620–1688) - William the Silent (1533–1584) - Gaspard de Coligny (1519–1572) To the right of the central statues are three-meter-tall statues of: - Roger Williams (1603–1684) - Oliver Cromwell (1599–1658) - Stephen Bocskai (1557–1606) Engraved along the wall, on either side of the central statues, is the motto of both the Reformation and Geneva: "Post Tenebras Lux," which translates to "After darkness, light." Additionally, on the pedestal of the central statues is a Christogram: ΙΗΣ. The Wall is located on the grounds of the University of Geneva, which was founded by John Calvin. It was constructed to commemorate the 400th anniversary of Calvin's birth and the 350th anniversary of the university's establishment. The monument is built into the old city walls, symbolizing the significance of the fortifications and the city of Geneva to the Reformation. The first piece of music is "Why Fum'th In Fight" , the Third Psalm Tune from Archbishop Parker's Psalter of 1567, based on Psalm 2:1, composed by Thomas Tallis from the Masterworks Gallery. The second piece, which is played at the end is "Psalm 91" , from the Scottish Metrical Psalms, sung by Stevenston High Kirk. The third and final piece of music is a continuation of "Why Fum'th In Fight"…
Send us a text Audio • Season 1 • Episode 9 An Admonition to the Parliament The Artwork is The title page of Travers’ Ecclesiasticae Disciplinae . Located in the University of Glasgow library. The Music is John Dowland. Now, O Now Our Needs Must Part, Lute Song by Les Canards. From The First Book of Songs or Airs. A collection of songs by John Dowland, which includes one instrumental piece. The book was published in London in 1597 and was reprinted four times during the composer's lifetime. The Admonition Controversy. The Admonition Controversy of the early 1570s marked the start of the first organised attack on the government of the established Church in protestant England. The Admonition to Parliament demanded the elimination of the Episcopal hierarchy of the Church of England, replacing it with the system of Church government ordained by God - Presbyterianism. The publication of this, the first open manifesto of the Puritan party, set the stage for the most important literary and religious duel in the Elizabethan period. English Presbyterianism. In early 1573, the first phase of the Presbyterian offensive reached its peak. Ecclesiastical authorities struggled to shut down Presbyterian presses and halt the spread of a message that threatened the Church's theological and organisational foundations. “Ecclesiasticae Disciplinae", Walter Travers wrote "A Full and Plain Declaration of Ecclesiastical Discipline" in 1574. Originally written in Latin, this small volume argued that the English church should abolish governance by bishops and instead adopt a Presbyterian model. “Prophesying”. The Puritan clergy had started organising prayer gatherings known as "Prophesying," which Elizabeth found troubling. During these meetings, the Puritans embraced a more liberal prayer style that did not align with Elizabeth’s guidelines. Elizabeth and her advisers were concerned about the potential spread of this practice, which they feared would undermine her Religious Settlement. Modelled on Zwingli’s utopian vision, namely the “Prophezeit”, Puritans learnt of the practice through contact with the congregations of the Zurich refugees, who had settled in London.…
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The Rise of the Protestants
Send us a text The artwork is The St Andrew's and Blackfriars' Halls, together with their crypt and cloister, and is known collectively as The Halls Norwich. Grade 1 listed they form the most complete medieval friary complex still surviving in England. The first piece of music is Greensleeves, a traditional English folk song. Its roots can be traced back to a broadsheet ballad, officially registered by Richard Jones with the London Stationers' Company in September 1580. The second music played at the end is T he Old Hundred, a hymn melody from the second edition of the Genevan Psalter. It is credited to L. Bourgeous (1510-1561). This tune is frequently used to accompany the lyrics that commence with "All People That on Earth Do Dwell," a version that originated in the Anglo-Genevan Psalter of 1561 and which is attributed to the Scottish clergyman William Kethe. Although the melody was initially associated with Psalm 134 in the Genevan Psalter, it acquired its current name from its connection to the 100th Psalm, as translated by William Kethe and titled "All People that on Earth do Dwell." The melody is also employed with other lyrics, including commonly sung praises and German Lutheran chorales. Johann Sebastian Bach utilized this melody in his chorale cantata "Herr Gott, dich loben alle wir", Lord God, we all praise you. The city of Norwich played a crucial role in the emergence of Congregationalism, and Robert Browne would experience a defining moment in his career, during his visit to this ancient city. Unaware of the chaos looming on the horizon, Browne continued to focus on delivering his separatist sermons in the Bury Saint Edmund area. The clergy began to express their concerns to the Bishop about Browne's unauthorised preaching, and its impact on their congregations. Browne was charged with preaching without a licence, a bold act that defied established conventions. This incident marked the beginning of Browne's thirty-two imprisonments. While in Norwich, Browne attempted to establish a Congregational Church , likely influenced by local Dutch woolworkers who held Anabaptist beliefs. In 1581, he established the first Congregational Church in England, close to the cathedral and the bishop's palace.…
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