2021.11.13 國際新聞導讀-卡達在阿富汗代表美國利益行使大使館權力、阿富汗再度發生清真寺爆炸事件、卡達拒絕與敘利亞恢復關係、黎巴嫩狀況不佳，美國伊朗1129恢復核武談判、耶路撒冷學校裝設COVID空氣過濾器

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2021.11.13 國際新聞導讀-卡達在阿富汗代表美國利益行使大使館權力、阿富汗再度發生清真寺爆炸事件、卡達拒絕與敘利亞恢復關係、黎巴嫩狀況不佳，美國伊朗1129恢復核武談判、耶路撒冷學校裝設COVID空氣過濾器
卡塔爾擔任美國駐阿富汗外交代表-美國官員
卡塔爾將簽署一項安排，為美國利益承擔“保護權力”的角色，以幫助促進華盛頓與塔利班政府之間的溝通。
通過路透
發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 12 日 17:18
塔利班代表、Shahabuddin Delawar 和 Khairullah Khairkhwa 在 2021 年 10 月 12 日在卡塔爾多哈與美國和歐洲代表會面之前等待。
（照片來源：路透社/STRINGER）
廣告
一位美國高級官員告訴路透社，美國和卡塔爾已同意卡塔爾代表美國在阿富汗的外交利益，這是華盛頓和喀布爾在經歷了二十年的戰爭之後未來可能直接接觸的重要信號。
卡塔爾將於週五與美國簽署一項安排，為美國利益承擔“保護權力”的角色，以幫助促進華盛頓與阿富汗塔利班政府之間的任何正式溝通，美國不承認這一點。
此舉是在美國和其他西方國家正在努力解決如何與塔利班打交道之際，在美國領導的軍隊在經歷了二十年的戰爭後正在撤退的情況下，強硬派組織在 8 月份以閃電般的方式接管了阿富汗。
包括美國和歐洲國家在內的許多國家都不願正式承認塔利班，因為批評者稱他們正在背棄對政治和種族包容性的承諾，而不是將婦女和少數民族置於一邊。
但隨著冬天的臨近，許多國家意識到他們需要更多地參與，以防止這個極度貧困的國家陷入人道主義災難。
2021 年 11 月 2 日，塔利班戰士在阿富汗喀布爾急診醫院門口檢查受傷的同志（圖片來源：REUTERS/ZOHRA BENSEMRA）
美國國務卿安東尼·布林肯將在周五會晤後的新聞發布會上宣布與卡塔爾國務卿穆罕默德·本·阿卜杜勒拉赫曼·阿勒薩尼達成的協議。
根據將於12月31日生效的安排，卡塔爾將派駐阿富汗使館的部分人員專職美國利益部門，並將與美國國務院和美國駐多哈使團密切協調。
這位美國官員表示，美國還將繼續通過卡塔爾首都多哈與塔利班進行接觸，塔利班多年來一直在那里維持政治辦公室。
“作為我們的保護國，卡塔爾將協助美國向我們的公民提供有限的領事服務，並保護美國在阿富汗的利益，”這位不願透露姓名的國務院高級官員說。
這位美國官員說，領事協助可能包括接受護照申請、提供文件公證服務、提供信息以及在緊急情況下提供幫助。
國務院官員說，美國利益部門將在美國大使館使用的喀布爾大院的某些設施外運作，在暫停運作之前，國務院官員說，並補充說卡塔爾將監控大院的財產並進行安全巡邏。
由於嚴重的現金短缺、對塔利班領導人的製裁以及大量財政援助的暫停，數百萬阿富汗人面臨著糧食價格飆升、乾旱和經濟自由落體的日益加劇的飢餓。
塔利班在 8 月獲勝後，維持經濟運轉的數十億美元的外援突然關閉，超過 90 億美元的中央銀行儲備被凍結在國外。
這位美國官員說，在另一項協議中，卡塔爾將繼續暫時收容多達 8,000 名已申請特殊移民簽證 (SIV) 的高危阿富汗人及其符合條件的家庭成員。
這位官員說：“SIV 申請人將被安置在 As Sayliyah 營地和 al-Udeid 空軍基地。”
美國對阿富汗長達 20 年的佔領最終在 8 月倉促組織的空運中達到高潮，在塔利班接管期間，包括美國人、阿富汗人和其他人在內的 124,000 多名平民被疏散。但數以千計面臨塔利班迫害風險的與美國結盟的阿富汗人被拋在後面。
Qatar to act as US diplomatic representative in Afghanistan - US official
Qatar will sign an arrangement to assume the role of "protecting power" for US interests to help facilitate communication between Washington and the Taliban government.
By REUTERS
Published: NOVEMBER 12, 2021 17:18
Taliban delegates, Shahabuddin Delawar and Khairullah Khairkhwa wait ahead of a meeting with U.S. and European delegates in Doha, Qatar October 12, 2021.
(photo credit: REUTERS/STRINGER)
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The United States and Qatar have agreed that Qatar will represent the diplomatic interests of the United States in Afghanistan, a senior US official told Reuters, an important signal of potential direct engagement between Washington and Kabul in the future after two decades of war.
Qatar will sign an arrangement with the United States on Friday to assume the role of "protecting power" for US interests to help facilitate any formal communication between Washington and the Taliban government in Afghanistan, which the United States does not recognize.
The move comes at a time when the United States and other Western countries are grappling with how to engage with the Taliban after the hardline group took over Afghanistan in a lightning advance in August as US-led forces were withdrawing after two decades of war.
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Many countries including the United States and European states are reluctant to formally recognize the Taliban as critics say they are backtracking on pledges of political and ethnic inclusivity and not to sideline women and minorities.
But with winter approaching, many countries realize they need to engage more to prevent the deeply impoverished country from plunging into a humanitarian catastrophe.
Taliban fighters check on injured comrades at the entrance of the emergency hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan November 2, 2021 (credit: REUTERS/ZOHRA BENSEMRA)
US Secretary of State Antony Blinken will announce the deal with his Qatari counterpart Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al-Thani at a news conference after their meeting on Friday.
According to the arrangement, which will come into effect on December 31, Qatar will dedicate certain staff from its embassy in Afghanistan to a US Interests Section and will coordinate closely with US State Department and with US mission in Doha.
The US official said the United States would also continue its engagement with the Taliban through the Qatari capital, Doha, where the Taliban have maintained a political office for years.
"As our protecting power, Qatar will assist the United States in providing limited consular services to our citizens and in protecting US interests in Afghanistan," said the senior State Department official, who spoke about the sensitive matter on the condition of anonymity.
Consular assistance may include accepting passport applications, offering notarial services for documentation, providing information, and helping in emergencies, the US official said.
The US Interests Section will operate out of certain facilities on the compound in Kabul used by the US Embassy prior to the suspension of operations, the State Department official said, adding that Qatar would monitor the properties on the compound and conduct security patrols.
Millions of Afghans face growing hunger amid soaring food prices, a drought and an economy in free fall, fueled by a hard cash shortage, sanctions on Taliban leaders and the suspension of much financial aid.
The Taliban victory in August saw the billions of dollars in foreign aid that had kept the economy afloat abruptly switched off, with more than $9 billion in central bank reserves frozen outside the country.
In a separate agreement, Qatar will continue to temporarily host up to 8,000 at-risk Afghans who have applied for special immigrant visas (SIV) and their eligible family members, the US official said.
"SIV applicants will be housed at Camp As Sayliyah and al-Udeid Air Base," the official said.
The two decades-long US occupation of Afghanistan culminated in a hastily organized airlift in August in which more than 124,000 civilians, including Americans, Afghans and others, were evacuated as the Taliban took over. But thousands of US-allied Afghans at risk of Taliban persecution were left behind.
塞爾維亞恢復了第一次世界大戰中打響第一槍的軍艦
1914 年 7 月 28 日，第一次世界大戰開始，博德羅格號是兩艘奧匈帝國砲艦之一，它們在貝爾格萊德發射了大砲。
通過路透
完全修復的河流監視器 Sava，也被稱為 SMS Bodrog，這是一艘奧匈帝國軍艦，在第一次世界大戰期間在塞爾維亞貝爾格萊德打響了第一槍。
（圖片來源：路透社/ZORANA JEVTIC）
廣告
在海軍艦艇愛好者多年來的遊說之後，塞爾維亞終於召回了一艘戰艦作為浮動博物館，該戰艦打響了第一次世界大戰的第一槍。
短信博德羅格號是 1914 年 7 月 28 日午夜左右駛入薩瓦河和多瑙河交匯處的兩艘奧匈帝國重型砲艦之一。它的兩門大砲向貝爾格萊德的塞爾維亞陣地投擲砲彈，標誌著四年的開始在這場戰爭中，大約有 2000 萬人死亡。
它更名為薩瓦，在被納粹德國統治的克羅地亞接管後也參加了第二次世界大戰，並且是前南斯拉夫海軍的一部分，直到 1962 年它被作為碎石駁船出售給一家私人公司。
在塞爾維亞政府於 2005 年授予其遺產保護地位之前，它退役後在貝爾格萊德附近的停泊處腐爛多年。
“2015 年，國防部決定將這艘船置於其贊助之下，將其添加到軍事博物館的清單中，並在接下來的幾年中對其進行了修復和重新裝備，”策展人娜塔莎·托米奇 (Natasa Tomic) 說。位於貝爾格萊德的軍事博物館告訴路透社。
完全修復的河流監視器 Sava，也被稱為 SMS Bodrog，這是一艘奧匈帝國軍艦，在第一次世界大戰期間在塞爾維亞貝爾格萊德打響了第一槍。（來源：路透社/ZORANA JEVTIC）
薩瓦河現已完全修復並漂浮在貝爾格萊德市中心附近的薩瓦河上，是第一次世界大戰期間服役的兩座倖存的奧匈帝國河流監視器之一。另一個是SMS Leitha，它停泊在匈牙利首都布達佩斯。
Serbia restores warship that fired first shots of World War I
The SMS Bodrog was one of two Austro-Hungarian gunboats that fired their canons at Belgrade on July 28, 1914, beginning World War I.
By REUTERS
Published: NOVEMBER 12, 2021 15:37
Updated: NOVEMBER 12, 2021 16:06
A view of the fully restored river monitor Sava, also known as SMS Bodrog, an Austro-Hungarian warship which fired the first shots during World War I, in Belgrade, Serbia.
(photo credit: REUTERS/ZORANA JEVTIC)
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Serbia has finally recalled to service as a floating museum a warship that fired the first shots that began World War I, following years of lobbying from navy ship enthusiasts who wanted it restored.
The SMS Bodrog was one of two Austro-Hungarian heavy gunboats that sailed into the confluence of the rivers Sava and Danube around midnight on July 28, 1914. Its two canons hurled shells at Serbian positions in Belgrade, marking the start of the four-year war in which around 20 million people died.
Renamed Sava, it also served in World War II after it was taken over by Nazi German-ruled Croatia and was part of the former Yugoslavia's navy until 1962 after which it was sold to a private company as a gravel barge.
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It was left to rot for years at its moorings near Belgrade after it was retired before the
Serbian
government granted it heritage protection status in 2005.
"In 2015, the Defense Ministry decided that the ship should be placed under its auspices, it was added to the inventory of the Military Museum and over the next few years it has been restored and re-equipped," Natasa Tomic, a curator with the Belgrade-based Military Museum, told Reuters.
A view of the fully restored river monitor Sava, also known as SMS Bodrog, an Austro-Hungarian warship which fired the first shots during World War I, in Belgrade, Serbia. (credit: REUTERS/ZORANA JEVTIC)
Sava, which is now fully restored and floats on the Sava near Belgrade's city center, is one of two surviving Austro-Hungarian river monitors which served during World War One. The other is SMS Leitha which is moored in Hungary's capital Budapest.
阿富汗清真寺爆炸造成12人受傷 - 居民
沒有立即聲稱對這次明顯的襲擊負責，這是最近幾週襲擊阿富汗清真寺的一系列爆炸中的最新一起。
通過路透
發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 12 日 11:43
更新時間： 2021 年 11 月 12 日 12:22
2021 年 10 月 8 日，阿富汗昆都士發生爆炸後的清真寺
（圖片來源：路透社）
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當地居民說，阿富汗東部楠格哈爾省斯平加爾地區的一座清真寺發生爆炸，造成至少 12 人受傷，其中包括清真寺的伊瑪目。
該地區的居民阿塔爾·辛瓦里 (Atal Shinwari) 說，爆炸發生在下午 1 點 30 分左右，當時顯然位於清真寺內部的炸藥引爆了。
一名不願透露姓名的塔利班官員證實了爆炸事件，並表示擔心會造成人員傷亡，但沒有提供更多細節。
沒有立即聲稱對這次明顯的襲擊負責，這是最近幾週襲擊阿富汗清真寺的一系列爆炸中的最新一起，破壞​​了塔利班聲稱在幾十年的戰爭後已經恢復安全的說法。
遜尼派穆斯林參加了清真寺。自塔利班接管以來，此前發生的襲擊襲擊了什葉派清真寺，遜尼派激進組織伊斯蘭國已經聲稱對其進行了聲稱。
一名塔利班成員於 2018 年 6 月 16 日在阿富汗喀布爾舉著一面旗幟。旗幟上寫著：“只有真主，穆罕默德是真主的使者”（圖片來源：REUTERS/MOHAMMAD ISMAIL）
傷亡人數說法不一。Shinwari 說至少有 12 人受傷，其中包括清真寺的伊瑪目。另一位居民說，有 15 人受傷，其中 3 人傷勢嚴重。
12 injured in blast at Afghanistan mosque - residents
There was no immediate claim of responsibility for the apparent attack, the latest in a series of blasts to hit mosques in Afghanistan over recent weeks.
By REUTERS
Published: NOVEMBER 12, 2021 11:43
Updated: NOVEMBER 12, 2021 12:22
A view shows a mosque after a blast, in Kunduz, Afghanistan October 8, 2021
(photo credit: REUTERS)
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An explosion hit a mosque in the Spin Ghar district of Nangarhar province in eastern Afghanistan, wounding at least 12 people including the imam of the mosque, local residents said.
Atal Shinwari, a resident of the area, said the blast occurred at around 1:30 p.m. when explosives apparently located in the interior of the mosque detonated.
A Taliban official, speaking on condition of anonymity, confirmed the blast and said casualties were feared but gave no further details.
There was no immediate claim of responsibility for the apparent attack, the latest in a series of blasts to hit mosques in Afghanistan over recent weeks, undermining the Taliban claim to have restored security after decades of war.
The mosque was attended by Sunni Muslims. Previous attacks since the Taliban takeover have struck Shi'ite mosques and have been claimed by the Sunni militant group Islamic State.
A member of the Taliban holds a flag in Kabul, Afghanistan June 16, 2018. The writing on the flag reads: 'There is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the messenger of Allah' (credit: REUTERS/MOHAMMAD ISMAIL)
Accounts of casualties varied. Shinwari said at least 12 people had been wounded, including the imam of the mosque. Another resident said 15 people had been hurt, three seriously.
卡塔爾沒有計劃與敘利亞關係正常化-外交部長
卡塔爾 FM 在與 Blinken 的新聞發布會上表示，他們沒有計劃與敘利亞實現正常化，也沒有阻止該地區其他國家這樣做。
通過路透
發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 12 日 18:34
卡塔爾外交部長謝赫·穆罕默德·本·阿卜杜勒拉赫曼·阿勒薩尼於 2019 年 2 月 17 日在德國慕尼黑舉行的年度慕尼黑安全會議上發表講話。
（圖片來源：ANDREAS GEBERT/REUTERS）
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卡塔爾外交部長謝赫·阿勒薩尼週五表示，卡塔爾不考慮與敘利亞的關係正常化，並希望其他國家不會與巴沙爾·阿薩德總統的政府採取進一步措施。
他在華盛頓與美國國務卿安東尼·布林肯舉行的聯合新聞發布會上的評論是對本周海灣國家阿拉伯聯合酋長國外交部長訪問大馬士革的一個問題的回應。
“在敘利亞問題上，讓該地區所有國家團結起來是一廂情願的想法，我們希望各國不要對敘利亞政權採取進一步措施，以免（惡化）敘利亞的苦難。敘利亞人民，”謝赫穆罕默德說。
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他補充說：“我們沒有看到阿薩德政權採取任何嚴肅的步驟來表明他致力於修復他為自己的國家和人民造成的損害。”
卡塔爾是包括沙特阿拉伯在內的幾個地區國家之一，在敘利亞長達十年的內戰中支持叛亂分子。在阿薩德重新控制該國大部分地區後，阿聯酋等一些國家已尋求使關係正常化。
4 月，敘利亞總統巴沙爾·阿薩德 (Bashar Assad) 的照片懸掛在大馬士革議會大樓外。（來源：YAMAM AL SHAAR/REUTERS）
今年早些時候，阿聯酋呼籲敘利亞重新加入
阿拉伯聯盟
。週二，阿聯酋外交部長謝赫·阿卜杜拉·本·扎耶德·納哈揚在大馬士革會見了阿薩德，這是內戰爆發以來阿聯酋高級政要的首次此類訪問。
華盛頓反對與阿薩德的關係正常化或恢復他的努力，直到在政治解決衝突方面取得進展，並表示對其盟友之一阿聯酋的舉動表示擔憂。
Qatar has no plan to normalize ties with Syria - foreign minister
Qatar FM said in a press conference with Blinken that they have no plan to normalize with Syria and discourage other nations in the region from doing so.
By REUTERS
Published: NOVEMBER 12, 2021 18:34
Qatar's Foreign Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al-Thani speaks during the annual Munich Security Conference in Munich, Germany February 17, 2019.
(photo credit: ANDREAS GEBERT/REUTERS)
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Qatar is not considering normalizing ties with Syria and hopes other countries will be discouraged from taking further steps with President Bashar al-Assad's government, foreign minister Sheikh Al-Thani said on Friday.
His comments at a joint news conference with US Secretary of State Antony Blinken in Washington were in response to a question on a visit this week by the foreign minister of fellow Gulf state the United Arab Emirates to Damascus.
"It will be wishful thinking to have all the countries in the region united when it comes to the issue of Syria, and we hope that countries will be discouraged from taking further steps with the Syrian regime in order not to (worsen) the misery of the Syrian people," Sheikh Mohammed said.
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"We don't see any serious steps by the Assad regime showing his commitment to repair the damage that he made for his own country and people," he added.
Qatar was among several regional states including Saudi Arabia that backed rebels in Syria's decade-old civil war. Some like the UAE have sought to normalize ties after Assad regained control of most of the country.
A PICTURE of Syria’s President Bashar Assad hangs outside the parliament building in Damascus in April. (credit: YAMAM AL SHAAR/REUTERS)
The UAE earlier this year called for Syria to be readmitted to the
Arab League. On Tuesday, Foreign Minister Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed al-Nahyan met with Assad in Damascus in the first such visit by a senior Emirati dignitary since the civil war erupted.
Washington, which opposes efforts to normalize ties with Assad or rehabilitate him until progress is made towards a political solution to the conflict, said it was concerned about the move by UAE, one of its allies.
聯合國特使說，黎巴嫩政府在危機中處於“夢幻之地”
西方國家提供援助以換取改革，但黎巴嫩在 2020 年 8 月貝魯特發生致命爆炸後 13 個月沒有常任政府。
通過路透
發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 12 日 12:06
黎巴嫩真主黨的支持者在黎巴嫩貝魯特南部郊區舉行的葬禮上抬著一具棺材，該人於週四在貝魯特的暴力事件中喪生
（照片來源：穆罕默德·阿扎基爾/路透社）
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一位獨立的聯合國特使在接受路透社採訪時告訴路透社，黎巴嫩政府官員沒有緊迫感，也沒有為這場使人民“極度貧困”的經濟危機承擔責任。
聯合國赤貧與人類問題特別報告員奧利維爾·德舒特 (Olivier De Schutter) 表示：“我感到非常震驚的是，如果它還沒有失敗，那就是正在失敗，而且人口的需求仍未得到解決。”權利，在為期兩週的黎巴嫩貧困研究任務結束時說。
“他們在幻想的土地上，”德舒特說。“這對國家的未來來說不是好兆頭。”
繼續觀看以色列的創新正在引領網絡安全走向前所未有的可能性廣告後
德舒特在訪問期間會見了包括九位部長、總理和議會議長在內的高級官員。
納吉布·米卡蒂總理辦公室的官方消息人士沒有對他的觀點發表評論，但指出米卡蒂本週與另一位聯合國官員、世界糧食計劃署執行主任大衛·比斯利進行了富有成效的會晤。
2021 年 7 月 26 日，領先的商人納吉布·米卡蒂在黎巴嫩巴卜達的總統府做手勢。（圖片來源：MOHAMED AZAKIR/REUTERS）
聯合國表示，這個前中等收入國家近四分之三的人口現在處於貧困之中，而在因數十年的腐敗和管理不善而引發的經濟危機期間，貧困加劇了。
銀行對提款實施了非正式控制，自 2019 年以來，該貨幣貶值了 90% 以上，世界銀行稱之為“蓄意蕭條”，是 1850 年以來世界上最嚴重的金融危機之一。
德舒特說：“這是全國范圍內的巨大財富損失，幾乎是前所未有的。”他指出，黎巴嫩銀行業的損失在 2020 年政府計劃中估計約為 830 億美元，應由銀行股東和大儲戶承擔，而不是普通人。
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西方國家提供援助以換取改革，但黎巴嫩在 2020 年 8 月貝魯特發生致命爆炸後 13 個月沒有常任政府，而且 9 月組建的新內閣在政治紛爭中一個月未開會。
德舒特表示，他將建議立即實施擱置數月的社會保護計劃，提高最低工資和徵收財富稅，以應對世界領先的不平等率。
他的最終報告將於 2022 年初發布。
德舒特說，雖然教皇約翰保羅二世曾將黎巴嫩稱為宗派共存的“信息”，但此後它已成為“對世界的警告”，即“非常富有的商人和政治精英之間非常不健康的聯盟”的結果。 .”
Lebanese government in ‘fantasy land’ amid crisis, UN envoy says
Western nations have offered aid in return for reforms, but Lebanon was without a permanent government for 13 months in the wake of the deadly August 2020 Beirut blast.
By REUTERS
Published: NOVEMBER 12, 2021 12:06
Supporters of Lebanon's Hezbollah carry a coffin of a person who was killed in violence in Beirut on Thursday, during their funeral in Beirut's southern suburbs, Lebanon
(photo credit: MOHAMED AZAKIR/REUTERS)
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Lebanese government officials have no sense of urgency and are not taking responsibility for an economic crisis that has "brutally impoverished" the population, an independent United Nations envoy told Reuters in an interview.
"I'm very struck by the fact that this is a state that, if it is not failed yet, is failing and that the needs of the population are still not addressed," Olivier De Schutter, UN special rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights, said at the end of a two-week mission studying poverty in Lebanon.
"They are in a fantasy land," De Schutter said. "It doesn't bode well for the future of the country."
De Schutter met with top officials including nine ministers, the prime minister and parliament speaker during his visit.
An official source at Prime Minister's Najib Mikati's office did not comment on his view but pointed to the fact that Mikati had a productive meeting this week with another UN official, World Food Programme Executive Director David Beasley.
Leading businessman Najib Mikati gestures at the presidential palace in Baabda, Lebanon July 26, 2021. (credit: MOHAMED AZAKIR/REUTERS)
The United Nations says nearly three-quarters of the formerly middle-income nation's population now suffer from poverty, which has increased during an economic crisis rooted in decades of corruption and mismanagement.
Banks imposed informal controls on withdrawals and the currency lost more than 90% of its value since 2019 in what the World Bank has labeled a "deliberate depression" and one of one of the worst financial crashes in the world since 1850.
"This is a huge country-wide loss of wealth that is almost unprecedented," De Schutter said, noting losses in Lebanon's banking sector, estimated in a 2020 government plan at around $83 billion, should be borne by bank shareholders and large depositors, not average people.
Western nations have offered aid in return for reforms, but Lebanon was without a permanent government for 13 months in the wake of the deadly August 2020 Beirut blast, and a new cabinet formed in September has not met in a month amid a political row.
De Schutter said he would recommend the immediate implementation of social protection programs held up for months, an increase to the minimum wage and a wealth tax to combat world-leading inequality rates.
His final report will be published in early 2022.
De Schutter said that, while Pope John Paul II once referred to Lebanon as a "message" of sectarian coexistence, it had since become "a warning for the world" on the outcomes of "a very unhealthy alliance between very wealthy businessmen and political elites."
英國就被拘留的雙重國籍人士向伊朗副外長施壓
4 月，伊朗法院以宣傳反對伊朗統治體系的罪名判處 Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe 新刑期。
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發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 11 日 21:55
2021 年 5 月 24 日，在冠狀病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行期間，伊朗國旗飄揚在國際原子能機構總部所在的聯合國辦公大樓前。
(photo credit: LISI NIESNER/ REUTERS)
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英國周四表示，官員已向伊朗副外長阿里·巴蓋里·卡尼施壓，要求其釋放被拘留的雙重國籍人士，其中包括英伊援助工作者納扎寧·扎加里-拉特克利夫。
英國外交部官員還在倫敦的一次會議上告訴巴蓋里卡尼，伊朗應該根據現在擺在桌面上的條款達成聯合全面行動計劃（JCPoA）核協議，外交部表示。
外交、聯邦和發展辦公室在一份聲明中說：“伊朗副外長還被施壓，要求伊朗緊急釋放在伊朗被不公平拘留的所有英國國民，包括 Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe、Anoosheh Ashoori 和 Morad Tahbaz。”
伊朗外交部沒有立即發表評論。
湯森路透基金會的項目經理 Zaghari-Ratcliffe 於 2016 年 4 月在德黑蘭機場被捕，後來被判陰謀推翻神職機構。
2021 年 10 月 25 日，英國-伊朗援助工作者 Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe 的丈夫 Richard Ratcliffe 在英國倫敦外交、聯邦和發展辦公室 (FCDO) 外第二次絕食期間與妻子合影。 ：亨利·尼科爾斯/路透社）
今年 4 月，就在扎加里-拉特克利夫 (Zaghari-Ratcliffe)完成之前的五年徒刑僅一個月後，伊朗法院以對伊朗統治體系進行宣傳的指控判處她新的刑期。儘管上訴法院已維持該判決，但該判決尚未開始。
Zaghari-Ratcliffe 的家人和基金會否認了這些指控。該基金會是一家慈善機構，獨立於媒體公司湯森路透及其新聞子公司路透社。
她的丈夫理查德·拉特克利夫（Richard Ratcliffe）正在絕食以強調她的情況。週四，他會見了英國中東事務大臣詹姆斯·克萊弗利。
拉特克利夫離開外交部後對記者說：“老實說，這是一次令人沮喪的會議，”並補充說，克萊弗利告訴他，與巴蓋里·卡尼的會面很親切。
“（巧妙地）無法給出事情何時向前發展的時間表。”
FCDO 表示，Cleverly 重申了政府讓 Zaghari-Ratcliffe 與她在英國的家人團聚的承諾。
UK presses Iranian deputy FM over detained dual nationals
In April, an Iranian court sentenced Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe to a new term in jail on charges of propaganda against Iran's ruling system.
By REUTERS
Published: NOVEMBER 11, 2021 21:55
Iranian flag flies in front of the UN office building, housing IAEA headquarters, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, in Vienna, Austria, May 24, 2021.
(photo credit: LISI NIESNER/ REUTERS)
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Britain on Thursday said that officials had pressed Iranian deputy foreign minister Ali Bagheri Kani to release detained dual nationals including British-Iranian aid worker Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe.
British foreign office officials also told Bagheri Kani at a meeting in London that Iran should conclude the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPoA) nuclear deal under the terms on the table now, the foreign ministry said.
"The Iranian Deputy Foreign Minister was also pressed on the need for Iran to urgently release all British nationals unfairly detained in Iran, including Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe, Anoosheh Ashoori and Morad Tahbaz," the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office said in a statement.
Iran's foreign ministry was not immediately available to comment.
Zaghari-Ratcliffe, a project manager with the Thomson Reuters Foundation, was arrested at a Tehran airport in April 2016 and later convicted of plotting to overthrow the clerical establishment.
Richard Ratcliffe, husband of British-Iranian aid worker Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe, poses with a photo of his wife during a second hunger strike, outside the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) in London, Britain October 25, 2021. (credit: HENRY NICHOLLS/REUTERS)
In April, an Iranian court sentenced Zaghari-Ratcliffe to a new term in jail on charges of propaganda against Iran's ruling system, just a month after she finished a prior five-year sentence. That sentence has not yet started, though it has been upheld by an appeals court.
Zaghari-Ratcliffe's family and the foundation have denied the charges. The foundation is a charity that operates independently of media company Thomson Reuters and its news subsidiary Reuters.
Her husband, Richard Ratcliffe, is on a hunger strike to highlight her case. He met British minister for the Middle East James Cleverly on Thursday.
"If I'm honest, quite a depressing meeting," Ratcliffe told reporters after he left the Foreign Office, adding that Cleverly told him the meeting with Bagheri Kani had been cordial.
"(Cleverly) couldn't give a timeline on when things were going to move forward."
The FCDO said Cleverly had reaffirmed the government's commitment to reuniting Zaghari-Ratcliffe with her family in the UK.
我們對美國伊朗特使馬利的訪問有何期待？
邁克爾奧倫：“美國也許可以與伊朗共存[核武器]門檻，但以色列不能。”
由OMRI NAHMIAS
發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 11 日 20:04
更新時間： 2021 年 11 月 11 日 21:45
美國伊朗問題特使羅伯特·馬利。
（圖片來源：路透社）
廣告
華盛頓——美國國務院宣布，美國伊朗問題特使羅伯特·馬利將於週四至 11 月 20 日帶領一個跨部門小組前往阿拉伯聯合酋長國、以色列、沙特阿拉伯和巴林。這將是馬利自加入拜登政府擔任伊朗問題特使以來首次訪問以色列。
馬利此行之際，美國正準備於 11 月 29 日恢復美國和伊朗的間接談判，以共同恢復 2015 年 JCPOA 核協議。
根據國務院的說法，馬利和他的團隊將抵達該地區“與合作夥伴進行磋商並參加一系列地區活動”，並“協調我們對伊朗的廣泛關注的方法，包括其破壞穩定的活動該地區以及即將舉行的關於相互恢復全面遵守 JCPOA 的第七輪會談。”
以色列前駐美國大使邁克爾·奧倫說：“以色列必須向羅伯·馬利明確表明，它不能容忍伊朗達到臨界能力，即在幾週甚至幾天內製造核武器的能力。以色列還必須明確表示，與伊朗達成的任何協議都必須通過物理拆除其核基礎設施和大幅延長日落條款來有效地阻止其達到臨界容量的道路。以色列應該要求採取具體措施阻止伊朗的洲際彈道導彈系統及其核彈頭的發展。美國或許可以與伊朗共存，但以色列不能。”
2021 年 5 月 24 日，在奧地利維也納，在冠狀病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行期間，伊朗國旗飄揚在國際原子能機構總部所在的聯合國辦公大樓前。（來源：LISI NIESNER/REUTERS）
外交關係委員會傑出研究員、前美國駐以色列大使馬丁·英迪克大使說：“在與伊朗的談判恢復之前，與我們的地區盟友進行磋商是一種很好的做法。他們比我們面臨的風險更大。”
Indyk 表示，“目的是協調並向他們保證不會出現意外。馬利現在很清楚以色列反對重返協議。他可以通過討論如何通過其他方式解決他們的擔憂來試圖讓他們放心。”
華盛頓近東政策研究所傑出研究員丹尼斯·羅斯大使表示，馬利在維也納會談恢復之前前往這些國家表明他希望“分享我們的觀點以及我們將如何進行這些討論，並表明他想听聽該地區的人對伊朗可能採取的策略的評估和看法。”
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羅斯說，馬利準備訪問的國家可以就伊朗目前在該地區的行動發表最新看法，“尤其是在伊拉克、敘利亞和也門，以及這可能與維也納有何關係”。
當被問及以色列在與馬利和他的團隊會面時應該堅持什麼時，羅斯說以色列可以問美國將如何處理一個仍在玩時間的伊朗，即使它的濃縮率為 20% 和 60% - 以及美國是否會敦促 IAEA 理事會根據伊朗目前的核行動和拒絕 IAEA 獲取數據，在本月底將伊朗提交聯合國安理會。
“由於如果理事會通過決議批評其行為，伊朗可能會威脅[抵制]維也納的參與，這將成為對[美國]將如何接近伊朗可能採取的策略的早期測試，”他說。
參議院近東、南亞、中亞和反恐小組委員會成員、參議員克里斯範霍倫 (D-Maryland) 說：“談判的全部目標是阻止伊朗 [追求] 其持續的核濃縮計劃. 它們已經超出了 JCPOA 中的限制。JCPOA 確立了這些限制；前任政府退出了它，因此伊朗人不再遵守該協議的規定。”
範霍倫補充說，“重要的是要回到談判桌前，重新應用這些限制，然後就伊朗在該地區的惡意影響力的其他問題開展工作。”
馬利的訪問將與不同的高層訪問同時進行：美國駐聯合國大使琳達·托馬斯-格林菲爾德將於 11 月 14 日至 19 日前往耶路撒冷、拉馬拉和安曼。
美國駐耶路撒冷大使館表示：“托馬斯-格林菲爾德大使將成為自 6 月以色列新政府成立以來首位訪問以色列的美國內閣官員。” “托馬斯-格林菲爾德大使將與以色列高級官員會面，以加強美國對以色列安全的堅定承諾，並討論美以在聯合國的持續合作以及一系列地區問題。她還將參觀世界大屠殺紀念中心 Yad Vashem，在那裡她將參觀博物館並獻花圈以紀念大屠殺的受害者。”
Lahav Harkov 為本報告做出了貢獻。
What can we expect from US Iran envoy Malley's visit?
Michael Oren: “America can maybe coexist with a [nuclear weapon] threshold Iran, but Israel can’t.”
By OMRI NAHMIAS
Published: NOVEMBER 11, 2021 20:04
Updated: NOVEMBER 11, 2021 21:45
US Special Envoy for Iran Robert Malley.
(photo credit: REUTERS)
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WASHINGTON – Special US Envoy for Iran Robert Malley will lead an interagency team to the United Arab Emirates, Israel, Saudi Arabia and Bahrain beginning Thursday until November 20, the State Department announced. It would be Malley’s first visit to Israel since he joined the Biden administration as special envoy to Iran.
Malley’s visit comes as the US is gearing up to the US and Iran resuming indirect negotiations on November 29 toward a mutual return to the 2015 JCPOA nuclear agreement.
According to the State Department, Malley and his team will arrive in the region “to hold consultations with partners and attend a series of regional engagements,” and to “coordinate our approaches on a broad range of concerns with Iran, including its destabilizing activities in the region and the upcoming seventh round of talks on a mutual return to full compliance with the JCPOA.”
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Michael Oren, former Israeli ambassador to the US, said “Israel must make it unequivocally clear to Rob Malley that it cannot tolerate Iran’s achievement of threshold capacity that is the ability to make nuclear weapons within a matter of weeks or even days. Israel must also make it unequivocally clear that any agreement with Iran must effectively block its path to a threshold capacity by physically dismantling its nuclear infrastructure, and by greatly extending the sunset clauses. Israel should demand concrete measures to stop Iran’s intercontinental ballistic missile system and its development of a nuclear warhead. America can maybe coexist with a threshold Iran, but Israel can’t.”
Iranian flag flies in front of the UN office building, housing IAEA headquarters, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, in Vienna, Austria, May 24, 2021. (credit: LISI NIESNER/ REUTERS)
Ambassador Martin Indyk, distinguished fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and former US ambassador to Israel, said “It’s good practice to consult with our regional allies before the negotiations with Iran resume. They have even more at stake than we do.”
According to Indyk, “the purpose is to coordinate and reassure them that there will be no surprises. Malley knows well by now that Israel is opposed to returning to the agreement. He can try to reassure them by discussing how their concerns can be met by other means.”
Ambassador Dennis Ross, distinguished fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, said Malley traveling to these countries ahead of the resumption of Vienna talks shows that he wants “to share our views and how we will approach these discussions, and also to show he wants to hear from those in the region their assessments and views of Iran’s likely tactics.”
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The countries where Malley is preparing to visit can give their latest views of current Iranian actions in the region, “especially in Iraq, Syria and Yemen and how this may relate to Vienna,” Ross said.
Asked what Israel should insist on when meeting with Malley and his team, Ross said that Israel could ask how the US will deal with an Iran that is playing for time even as its enrichment at 20% and 60% proceeds – and whether the US will push the Board of Governors of the IAEA to refer Iran to the UN Security Council at the end of the month based on its current nuclear actions and denial of IAEA access to data.
“Since Iran is likely to threaten [to boycott] participation at Vienna if there is a Board of Governors resolution critical of its behavior, this becomes an early test of how [the US] will be approaching Iran’s likely tactics,” he said.
Senator Chris Van Hollen (D-Maryland), a member of the Senate Subcommittee on Near East, South Asia, Central Asia, and Counterterrorism, said “the whole goal of the negotiations is to prevent Iran from [pursuing] its continuing nuclear enrichment program. They have exceeded the limits that were in the JCPOA. The JCPOA established those constraints; the previous administration pulled out of it, and so the Iranians no longer complied with the provisions of that agreement.”
Van Hollen added that it is “important to get back to the table, reapply those limitations, and then also work on other issues regarding the malign Iranian influence in the region.”
Malley’s visit will coincide with a different high-level visit: US Ambassador to the UN Linda Thomas-Greenfield will travel to Jerusalem, Ramallah, and Amman on November 14-19.
“Ambassador Thomas-Greenfield will be the first US cabinet official to visit Israel since the formation of its new government in June,” said the US Embassy in Jerusalem. “Ambassador Thomas-Greenfield will meet with senior Israeli officials to reinforce the United States’ unwavering commitment to Israel’s security, and discuss continued US-Israel cooperation at the UN and a full range of regional issues. She will also visit Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center, where she will tour the museum and lay a wreath to commemorate victims of the Holocaust.”
美國官員將在網絡攻擊中訪問以色列和中東
在以色列，美國副財政部長 Wally Adeyemo 將提出如何集中技術來應對勒索軟件和其他網絡相關威脅。
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發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 12 日 01:37
更新時間： 2021 年 11 月 12 日 01:48
2021 年 2 月 23 日，經濟學家 Adewale “Wally” Adeyemo 在美國華盛頓特區德克森參議院辦公大樓擔任財政部副部長的參議院財政委員會提名聽證會上聽取提問
（圖片來源：GREG NASH/POOL VIA REUTERS）
廣告
財政部發言人告訴路透社，美國財政部副部長沃利·阿德耶莫將於週五前往中東，在黑客對美國一些更重要的行業造成嚴重破壞之際，他將尋求在勒索軟件和網絡安全方面建立合作夥伴關係。
阿德耶莫在喬拜登總統領導下的財政部官員對該地區的最高級別訪問中，還將在訪問以色列、沙特阿拉伯、阿拉伯聯合酋長國期間討論打擊恐怖主義融資和擴散以及冠狀病毒大流行後的經濟復甦阿聯酋航空和卡塔爾。
發言人說，在以色列，Adeyemo 將提出如何集中技術來應對勒索軟件和其他與網絡相關的威脅。
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目前尚不清楚他是否會提起以色列間諜軟件公司
NSO Group
，美國商務部本月將其列入貿易黑名單，稱他們向外國政府出售間諜軟件，這些政府使用該設備瞄準政府官員、記者和其他人。
在今年發生一系列威脅破壞美國能源和食品供應穩定的攻擊之後，拜登已將政府的網絡安全響應作為重中之重。
黑客使用勒索軟件來關閉控制從醫院賬單到製造的所有系統的系統。他們只有在收到巨額付款（通常是加密貨幣）後才會停止。
黑客（說明性）（來源：PXFUEL）
今年，黑幫在大規模黑客攻擊中襲擊了眾多美國公司。對管道運營商 Colonial Pipeline 的一次此類攻擊導緻美國東海岸的燃料供應暫時短缺。黑客還瞄準了一家位於愛荷華州的農業公司，引發了人們對中西部穀物收割中斷的擔憂。
美國財政部上個月在一次製裁審查中警告稱，數字貨幣和支付系統可能會降低美國製裁的效力，允許將資金轉移到以美元為基礎的金融體系之外。
“副國務卿的訪問是在製裁審查之後進行的，該審查強調了製裁方面的多邊協調，以及虛擬資產等新興技術構成的威脅，”發言人說。
US official to visit Israel, Middle East amid cyberattacks
In Israel, US Deputy Treasury Secretary Wally Adeyemo will raise how to focus technology to counter ransomware and other cyber-related threats.
By REUTERS
Published: NOVEMBER 12, 2021 01:37
Updated: NOVEMBER 12, 2021 01:48
Economist Adewale "Wally" Adeyemo listens to questions during his Senate Finance Committee nomination hearing to be Deputy Secretary of the Treasury in the Dirksen Senate Office Building, in Washington, DC, US, February 23, 2021
(photo credit: GREG NASH/POOL VIA REUTERS)
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US Deputy Treasury Secretary Wally Adeyemo will travel to the Middle East on Friday, a Treasury spokesperson told Reuters, where he will seek to build partnerships on ransomware and cybersecurity as hackers wreak havoc among some of America's more vital industries.
Adeyemo, in the highest-ranking visit of a Treasury official to the region under President Joe Biden's administration, will also discuss countering terrorist financing and proliferation as well as economic recovery following the coronavirus pandemic in his visits to Israel, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Qatar.
In Israel, Adeyemo will raise how to focus technology to counter ransomware and other cyber-related threats, the spokesperson said.
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Israel won’t stop NSO since it benefitsfrom cyberambiguity ‑ opinion
It was unclear if he would raise Israeli spyware company
NSO Group
, which the US Commerce Department added to its trade blacklist this month, saying they sold spyware to foreign governments that used the equipment to target government officials, journalists and others.
Biden has made the government's cybersecurity response a top priority following a series of attacks this year that threatened to destabilize US energy and food supplies.
Hackers use ransomware to take down systems that control everything from hospital billing to manufacturing. They stop only after receiving hefty payments, typically in cryptocurrency.
Hacker (illustrative) (credit: PXFUEL)
This year, gangs have hit numerous US companies in large-scale hacks. One such attack on pipeline operator Colonial Pipeline led to temporary fuel supply shortages on the US East Coast. Hackers also targeted an Iowa-based agricultural company, sparking fears of disruptions to grain harvesting in the Midwest.
The US Treasury Department in a sanctions review last month warned that digital currencies and payment systems could reduce the efficacy of US sanctions, allowing the transfer of funds outside the dollar-based financial system.
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"The Deputy Secretary’s visit comes on the heels of a sanctions review that emphasized multilateral coordination on sanctions, as well as the threats posed by emerging technologies like virtual assets," the spokesperson said.
耶路撒冷學校將試點抗 COVID 空氣過濾系統
耶路撒冷的教育機構被衛生和教育部選中來領導這項研究，以觀察空氣過濾系統是否可以減少病毒在教室中的傳播。
作者：瑪雅·賈夫·霍夫曼
發佈時間： 2021 年 11 月 12 日 17:58
更新時間： 2021 年 11 月 12 日 19:00
自去年 5 月 COVID-19 令人心碎以來，孩子們第一次回到學校時戴上口罩。
（照片來源：OLIVIER FITOUSSI/FLASH90）
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市政當局本週早些時候宣布，部分耶路撒冷學校將率先試用新的抗 COVID 空氣過濾系統。
耶路撒冷的教育機構被衛生部和教育部選中來領導這項研究，目的是看看這些系統是否能減少病毒在教室中的傳播。
“耶路撒冷市政府再次成為先驅，”該部在一份聲明中說。
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The Palestinians must acknowledge their role in the Holocaust - opinion
在之前的浪潮中，當天氣變冷並且必須關閉窗戶時，兒童會因與他們密切接觸的其他學生或從空氣中噴灑飛沫而感染病毒——尤其是在長時間呆在封閉空間內時.
衛生部報告說，截至週五，共有 3,370 名學生和 178 名教職員工感染了該病毒。隔離學生23636人，教職工449人。
大約 500 個工具包將放置在整個城市的特定教室中。參與的學校將收到一些過濾器，這些過濾器將放置在一些房間內。未收到過濾器的同一學校的教室將作為控制組。
五年級學生今天回到埃弗拉特的 Alomot 小學，在那裡宗教和世俗學生一起學習。中學的孩子們在家學習了幾週後，今天又回到了學校。2021 年 2 月 21 日。（來源：GERSHON ELINSON/FLASH90）
設備的安裝和控制將由衛生和教育部選定的五家公司之一進行試驗；各部委正在監督整個實驗。
市政府發言人表示，她不確定將安裝哪些過濾器，但市政府強調過濾系統沒有風險。
Jerusalem schools to pilot anti-COVID air filtration system
The Jerusalem educational institutions were selected by the Health and Education ministries to lead the study to observe if air-filtration systems can reduce the spread of the virus in classrooms.
By MAAYAN JAFFE-HOFFMAN
Published: NOVEMBER 12, 2021 17:58
Updated: NOVEMBER 12, 2021 19:00
CHILDREN WEAR face masks upon returning to school for the first time since the heartbreak of COVID-19, in May of last year.
(photo credit: OLIVIER FITOUSSI/FLASH90)
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Select Jerusalem schools will be the first to pilot a new anti-COVID air filtration system, the municipality announced earlier this week.
The Jerusalem educational institutions were selected by the Health and Education ministries to lead the study, which is meant to see if such systems reduce the spread of the virus in classrooms.
“The Jerusalem municipality is a pioneer again,” the ministry said in a statement.
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During previous waves, when the weather became colder and windows had to be shut, children contracted the virus either as a result of droplets being sprayed by other students with whom they were in close contact and from the air - especially during prolonged stays in closed spaces.
There were 3,370 students and 178 faculty infected with the virus as of Friday, the Health Ministry reported. There were 23,636 students in isolation and 449 staff members.
Some 500 kits will be placed in select classrooms throughout the city. Participating schools will receive a number of filters that will be placed in some rooms. The classrooms in the same schools that do not receive filters will serve as the control group.
Fifth grade students returned today to school at the Alomot elementary school in Efrat, where religious and secular students study together. Children in middle school went back to school today following a few weeks of learning from home. February 21, 2021. (credit: GERSHON ELINSON/FLASH90)
The installation and control of the devices will be done by one of the five companies selected by the Health and Education ministries for the trial; the ministries are overseeing the whole experiment.
A spokesperson for the municipality said she was unsure specifically which filters would be installed, though the municipality stressed that the filtration system has no risk.
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